Tools to Enrich Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Planning for Coastal Communities in Data-Poor Regions: Application to a Case Study in Madagascar
Tools to Enrich Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Planning for Coastal Communities in Data-Poor Regions: Application to a Case Study in Madagascar
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2018.00505
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发表时间：
2019-01-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tsimanaoraty, P. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cochrane, K. L.;Rakotondrazafy, H.;Tsimanaoraty, P. M.
在这里，我们描述了一项跨学科和多国倡议，旨在开发快速、参与式的方法来评估沿海社区的脆弱性，并促进数据贫乏地区对气候变化的适应。这些方法以马达加斯加为例进行了应用研究。该倡议的重点是在马达加斯加西南部的两个社区开展探索性研究活动，并于2016年6月在塔那那利佛举行了一个研讨会，其中还包括向利益相关者传播海洋科学和气候变化的内容。它采用创新和快速的方法，结合全球和地方的适应和复原力建设技能和信息，同时考虑到国家政策，并以全面、综合和参与性方法的原则为基础。本文总结了所进行的活动，并评价了这些活动在实现项目目标方面的有效性，并举例说明了所取得的产出。这些活动显示了利用现有的高分辨率全球气候模式提供关于未来趋势的信息以及将基于特征的生态风险评估作为脆弱性评估的标准组成部分的价值。用户友好的定性建模活动有助于巩固对选定渔业的整体、综合理解。评估供应链的重要性和弹性以及考虑当地管理措施和制度的价值得到了验证。该倡议的成果强化了一项原则，即必须解决个体压力源和驱动因素对依赖海洋的社区的累积生态和社会影响，包括与气候变化相关的压力源。脆弱性评估和适应规划应具有前瞻性，并考虑到未来可能发生的变化。它们还必须在当地专家和利益攸关方的参与下进行，以确保知识交流、地方能力建设和所有权，并确保产出植根于当地现实，被认为是合法的，并加强和补充相关的法律框架和法律。
Here we describe an interdisciplinary and multi-country initiative to develop rapid, participatory methods to assess the vulnerability of coastal communities and facilitate adaptation to climate change in data-poor regions. The methods were applied in Madagascar as a case study. The initiative centered on an exploratory research exercise in two communities in the south-west of Madagascar, a workshop held in Antananarivo in June 2016, combined with a component on communicating ocean science and climate change to stakeholders. It utilized innovative and rapid approaches to combine global and local skills and information on adaptation and resilience building, taking cognizance of national policies, and was based on the principles of a holistic, integrated and participatory approach. This paper summarizes the activities undertaken and assesses how effective they were in achieving the project goals, as well as presenting examples of the outputs obtained. The activities demonstrated the value of using existing high resolution global climate models for provision of information on future trends, and of including a traits-based ecological risk assessment as a standard component of vulnerability assessments. User-friendly qualitative modeling activities helped to consolidate holistic, integrated understanding of selected fisheries. The value of assessing the importance and resilience of supply chains and taking the local management measures and institutions into account were validated. The outcomes of the initiative reinforced the principle that the cumulative ecological and social impacts of individual stressors and drivers on marine-dependent communities must be addressed, including climate-change related stressors. Assessments of vulnerability and adaptation planning should be forward-looking and consider likely changes in the future. They must also be done with participation by local experts and stakeholders to ensure knowledge exchange, local capacity-building and ownership and that outputs are rooted in the local realities, are accepted as being legitimate, and reinforce and complement relevant legal frameworks and laws.