EMERGENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEX-DIFFERENCES IN SPATIAL ABILITY - A META-ANALYSIS
EMERGENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEX-DIFFERENCES IN SPATIAL ABILITY - A META-ANALYSIS
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DOI：
10.2307/1130467
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
PETERSEN, AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LINN, MC;PETERSEN, AC
空间能力的性别差异是公认的，但相当大的争议围绕着这些差异的大小，性质和首次发生的年龄。本文着重探讨了空间能力性别差异的三个问题：（1）空间能力的性别差异有多大？(b)在空间能力的哪些方面存在性别差异？以及（c）在寿命中，何时首次发现空间能力的性别差异？澄清空间能力的性别差异和男性和女性之间的其他差异之间的联系的影响进行了讨论。我们使用元分析，一种综合实证研究的方法，来调查这些问题。荟萃分析的结果表明：（a）某些类型的空间能力存在性别差异，而其他类型的空间能力则没有性别差异;（B）仅在心理旋转的测量中发现了较大的性别差异;（c）在空间感知的测量中发现了较小的性别差异;（d）当发现性别差异时，可以在整个生命周期中检测到。
Sex differences in spatial ability are widely acknowledged, yet considerable dispute surrounds the magnitude, nature, and age of first occurrence of these differences. This article focuses on 3 questions about sex differences in spatial ability: (a) What is the magnitude of sex differences in spatial ability? (b) On which aspects of spatial ability are sex differences found? and (c) When, in the life span, are sex differences in spatial ability first detected?. Implications for clarifying the linkage between sex differences in spatial ability and other differences between males and females are discussed. We use meta-analysis, a method for synthesizing empirical studies, to investigate these questions. Results of the meta-analysis suggest (a) that sex differences arise on some type of spatial ability but not others, (b) that large sex differences are found only on measures of mental rotation, (c) that smaller sex differences are found on measures of spatial perception, and (d) that, when sex differences are found, they can be detected across the life span.