Rapid and Effective Methods for Breaking Seed Dormancy in Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum)
Rapid and Effective Methods for Breaking Seed Dormancy in Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum)
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DOI：
10.1614/ws-d-09-00005.1
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Guo, Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wei, Shouhui;Zhang, Chaoxian;Guo, Feng
中国的水牛斗的蔓延对现有的生态系统构成了严重威胁，控制和根除该物种变得越来越重要。本文对水牛牙子的种子生产、形态特征、休眠特性及打破休眠的方法进行了研究。结果表明，每株水牛斗可结种子1600 ~ 43800粒，平均种子重3.0mg。平均种子长度、宽度和厚度分别为2.5、2.0和1.0 mm。新成熟的水牛种子是天生的休眠，表现出组合休眠，其中包括硬种皮（物理休眠，PY），部分休眠胚（生理休眠，PD），和黑暗的要求发芽。用14 M H_2SO_4酸蚀15 min或去壳处理，均能使水牛掌种子破皮，发芽率分别为55%和50%。硝酸钾和赤霉酸（GA（3））能有效地打破PD。KNO 3的最佳浓度为20 - 40 mM，这导致超过70%的种子发芽。用GA（3）在30 ℃、黑暗条件下预浸24 h，在2.4mM浓度下获得最大发芽率（> 98%），相应的发芽速度（85%）和发芽指数（16）也在此浓度下最高。H_2SO_4和GA（3）对种子萌发有协同作用。打破休眠最快、最有效的组合是用14 M的H_2SO_4溶液浸泡20 min，再用2.4 mM的GA（3）预浸24 h。该组合的发芽指数在35以上，95%的种子在7 d内发芽。本研究所获得的知识将有助于提高水牛牙花的发芽率和促进进一步的实验室研究。
The spread of buffalobur in China poses a serious threat to existing ecosystems, and control and eradication of this species have become increasingly important. Studies were carried out to ascertain the seed production, morphological characterization, dormancy behavior, and methods for breaking dormancy of buffalobur. The results showed that a single buffalobur plant could produce 1,600 to 43,800 seeds with an average weight of 3.0 mg. Average seed length, width, and thickness were 2.5, 2.0, and 1.0 mm, respectively. Newly ripened buffalobur seeds were innately dormant and exhibited combinational dormancy, which involves a hard seed coat (physical dormancy, PY), a partial dormant embryo (physiological dormancy, PD), and a dark requirement to germinate. PY of buffalobur seeds could be broken by dehusking or acid scarification by 14 M H2SO4 for 15 min, with germination rates of 55 or 50%, respectively. PD was effectively broken by KNO3 or gibberellic acid (GA(3)). The optimum concentration for KNO3 was between 20 and 40 mM, which resulted in over 70% seed germination. When presoaked with GA(3) at 30 C in dark for 24 h, maximum germination (> 98%) was obtained at 2.4 mM, the corresponding germination speed (85%) and germination index (16) were also highest at this concentration. Synergistic effects were observed in seed germination when H2SO4 and GA(3) were combined. The most rapid and effective combination in breaking dormancy was when the seeds were immersed in H2SO4 (14 M) for 20 min and presoaked with 2.4 mM GA(3) for 24 h. Germination index for this combination was over 35, and 95% of the seeds germinated within 7 d. Knowledge gained in this study will be useful in increasing germination of buffalobur and facilitating further laboratory studies.