A guide to the use of pore-forming toxins for controlled permeabilization of cell membranes
A guide to the use of pore-forming toxins for controlled permeabilization of cell membranes
复制标题
使用成孔毒素控制细胞膜透化的指南
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Palmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Bhakdi;U. Weller;I. Walev;E. Martin;D. Jonas;M. Palmer
根据人们希望在质膜上产生的孔的大小，选择可能落在上述三种毒素中的一种。金黄色葡萄球菌α-毒素应在1 ~ 1.5 nm直径的孔洞中先行试验。这是通常情况下，当Ca2+和核苷酸的依赖性的一个给定的过程正在研究。如果α-毒素不起作用，这可能是因为毒素不产生孔洞，或者孔洞太小。在这种情况下，应该尝试高浓度α-毒素。如果这仍然不起作用，我们建议使用HlyA。当需要产生非常大的孔时，例如为了将抗体引入细胞，SLO或该毒素家族的其他成员是选择的代理人。SLO制剂需要检查是否存在蛋白酶污染物。破伤风溶素目前的优势在于它不含蛋白酶，而且气孔的大小可能可以通过改变毒素的剂量来控制。在最近的文献中已经发表了评估这些试剂产生的孔隙大小的方法，只要有需要，就可以咨询适当的论文。
Summary and ConclusionsDepending on the size of the pores one wishes to produce in plasma membranes, the choice will probably fall on one of the three toxins discussed above. S. aureus α-toxin should be tried first when pores of 1–1.5 nm diameter are required. This is generally the case when Ca2+ and nucleotide dependence of a given process is being studied. If α-toxin does not work, this is probably due to the fact that the toxin either does not produce pores, or that the pores are too small. In this case, high concentrations of α-toxin should be tried. If this still does not work, we recommend the use of HlyA. When very large pores are to be created, e.g. for introduction of antibodies into the cells, SLO or another member of this toxin family are the agents of choice. SLO preparations need to be checked for presence of protease contaminants. Tetanolysin currently offers advantages since it is protease-free, and the size of the pores can probably be controlled by varying the toxin dose. Methods for assessing the size of pores created by such agents have been published in the recent literature, and the appropriate papers can be consulted whenever the need arises.
大肠杆菌α-溶血素诱导分离肾小管细胞损伤的机制。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
The American journal of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Keane,WF;Welch,R;Gekker,G;Peterson,PK
通讯作者：
Peterson,PK
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Tobkes,N;Wallace,BA;Bayley,H
通讯作者：
Bayley,H