Blends of butanol and hydrotreated vegetable oils as drop-in replacement for diesel engines: Effects on combustion and emissions
Blends of butanol and hydrotreated vegetable oils as drop-in replacement for diesel engines: Effects on combustion and emissions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuel.2017.02.039
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
M. Vojtíšek-Lom;Vít Beránek;P. Mikuška;K. Křůmal;P. Coufalík;J. Sikorová;J. Topinka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Vojtíšek-Lom;Vít Beránek;P. Mikuška;K. Křůmal;P. Coufalík;J. Sikorová;J. Topinka
这项工作调查了两种新兴生物燃料，丁醇和加氢处理植物油（HVO）的混合物在Iveco Tector无后处理柴油发动机中的性能。HVO是一种可能用于柴油发动机的替代燃料，具有优异的燃烧和排放特性，但相对昂贵，而丁醇的两种异构体，正丁醇和异丁醇，是较便宜的含氧燃料，但在柴油发动机中使用的缺点是它们的点火延迟时间增加，并且在某些发动机上，氮氧化物的排放量更高。与柴油相比，将30%的正丁醇或异丁醇混合到HVO中，导致元素碳和致癌物多环芳烃（cPAHs）的排放减少了70-80%，氮氧化物的排放也适度减少，而对燃烧时间、热释放率、发动机最大扭矩、热效率和其他测量的污染物没有产生不利影响。来自生物柴油、HVO、它们与柴油燃料的混合物以及上述混合物的颗粒物也被分析为元素碳（EC）和有机碳（OC）、多环芳烃（PAHs）、硝化PAHs、正构烷烃和有机示踪化合物，包括藿烷、甾烷和类异戊二烯。在所有燃料排放的分析颗粒有机化合物中，正构烷烃是含量最多的一类。与柴油相比，所有生物燃料的排放物中微粒多环芳烃和正构烷烃的浓度都有所下降，而来自润滑油的藿烷和甾烷的浓度在所有燃料中是相当的。冷启动产生的颗粒物和颗粒物有机化合物的浓度比热启动高15%左右。所研究的有机化合物中绝大多数为EC和OC， pm2.5的质量包含在粒径分数PM1中。
This work investigates the performance of a mix of two emerging biofuels, butanol and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), in an Iveco Tector diesel engine with no aftertreatment. HVO, a possible drop-in fuel for diesel engines, features excellent combustion and emissions characteristics yet is relatively expensive, while two isomers of butanol, n-butanol and isobutanol, are less expensive oxygenated fuels with a drawback to their use in diesel engines in the form of their increased ignition delay and, on some engines, higher emissions of nitrogen oxides.Blends of 30% of either n-butanol or isobutanol into HVO had, compared to diesel fuel, resulted in a 70–80% decrease in the emissions of elemental carbon and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAHs) and a moderate decrease in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, without showing an adverse effect on combustion timing, heat release rates, engine maximum torque, thermal efficiency, and other measured pollutants.Particulate matter from biodiesel, HVO, their blends with diesel fuel, and the above mentioned blends was also analysed for elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrated PAHs, n-alkanes and organic tracer compounds, including hopanes, steranes, and isoprenoids. n-Alkanes were the most abundant class among the analysed particulate organic compounds in emissions of all fuels. All biofuels exhibited, relative to diesel fuel, a decrease in the concentration of particulate PAHs and n-alkanes in emissions, while the concentrations of hopanes and steranes originated from lubricating oil were comparable across all fuels. Cold starts yielded about 15% higher concentrations of both particulate matter and particulate organic compounds in emissions than hot starts. The vast majority of EC and OC, studied organic compounds, and mass of PM2.5was included in the size fraction PM1.