Circadian misalignment and health.
Circadian misalignment and health.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3109/09540261.2014.911149
复制
发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reid KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baron KG;Reid KJ
昼夜节律是近24小时的生理和行为模式，不受激素、体温、情绪和睡眠倾向等外部因素的影响。“昼夜节律失调”一词描述了各种情况，例如不适当的睡眠和醒来时间、睡眠/清醒与进食节律的错位、或中枢和外周节律错位。早期研究的优势集中在睡眠与生物夜晚的错位上。然而，时钟基因的发现和外周昼夜节律振荡器的存在扩大了错位的定义。在动物模型和人类中进行的实验研究已经提供了证据，证明了将不对齐与负面结果联系起来的潜在机制。这些症状包括摄食行为失调、食欲刺激荷尔蒙、葡萄糖代谢和情绪的变化。这篇综述有两个重点：1.描述在实验室和现场实验中如何定义和评估昼夜节律失调；2.描述不同类型的昼夜节律失调与身体(心血管疾病、糖尿病、肥胖症、癌症)和精神(抑郁症、躁郁症、精神分裂症、注意力缺陷)障碍风险增加有关的证据。这篇综述将描述昼夜节律失调在普通人群和临床人群中作为疾病危险因素的作用，包括昼夜节律睡眠障碍和精神障碍。
Circadian rhythms are near 24-hour patterns of physiology and behavior that are present independent of external cues including hormones, body temperature, mood, and sleep propensity. The term “circadian misalignment” describes a variety of circumstances, such as inappropriately timed sleep and wake, misalignment of sleep/wake with feeding rhythms, or misaligned central and peripheral rhythms. The predominance of early research focused on misalignment of sleep to the biological night. However, discovery of clock genes and the presence of peripheral circadian oscillators have expanded the definitions of misalignment. Experimental studies conducted in animal models and humans have provided evidence of potential mechanisms that link misalignment to negative outcomes. These include dysregulation of feeding behaviors, changes in appetite stimulating hormones, glucose metabolism and mood. This review has two foci: 1. To describe how circadian misalignment has been defined and evaluated in laboratory and field experiments, 2. To describe evidence linking different types of circadian misalignment to increased risk for physical (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer) and psychiatric (depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, attention deficit) disorders. This review will describe the role of circadian misalignment as a risk factor for disease in the general population and in clinical populations, including circadian rhythm sleep disorders and psychiatric disorders.