Cannabinoid Exposure and Subjective Effects of THC and CBD in Edible Cannabis Products.
Cannabinoid Exposure and Subjective Effects of THC and CBD in Edible Cannabis Products.
复制标题
食用大麻产品中大麻素的暴露以及 THC 和 CBD 的主观影响。
DOI：
10.1089/can.2022.0020
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hutchison,KentE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibson,LaurelP;Mueller,RaeghanL;Winiger,EvanA;Klawitter,Jost;Sempio,Cristina;Williams,Sarah;Bryan,AngelaD;Bidwell,LCinnamon;Hutchison,KentE
背景：在法律的大麻获取的州，食用大麻产品的受欢迎程度继续增长，但很少有研究调查这些市售产品的急性影响。本研究旨在探讨三种市售可食用产品与不同水平的δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）的影响。方法：定期大麻用户（N=99）的样本进行了评估。50名参与者亲自完成了研究程序，而49名参与者通过Zoom远程完成了研究程序。主观效果和血浆大麻素水平（仅在人参与者）进行了评估之前和2小时后，参与者自我管理的三个productsad自由：THC占主导地位的可食用产品，CBD占主导地位的可食用产品，或THC+CBD可食用products.Results：在2小时后使用评估，在人参与者，血浆THC和CBD水平分别与自我报告的毫克THC和CBD消耗，分别相关。在所有三种情况下，亲自和远程参与者经历了（1）主观中毒和焦虑增加，（2）紧张减少，（3）从使用前到使用后偏执没有变化。在使用后，使用CBD产品的参与者报告相对于使用THC+CBD或仅THC产品的参与者中毒较少。使用THC+CBD产品的参与者报告消耗较少的THC-并显示较低的血浆THC水平（亲自参与者）-相对于使用THC的参与者-仅产品，尽管报告了类似的积极水平（中毒，兴奋，喜欢）和拟精神病（偏执，紧张）影响。拟精神病的影响是非常低的人和远程参与者在所有三个条件，并有没有使用后的差异跨conditions.Conclusions：研究结果表明，有经验的用户谁消耗了THC+CBD产品报告的积极和拟精神病的影响，相对于那些谁消耗了THC的唯一的产品，尽管消耗较少的THC和显示较低的血浆THC浓度。考虑到与急性大麻奖励和长期THC暴露相关的潜在危害，需要进一步研究以确定含有CBD的食用大麻产品是否对用户构成较低的风险。未来的研究应检查这些影响是否适用于不经常使用者的样本，他们可能对食用大麻的使用经验较少。ClinicalTrials.gov ID：NCT03522103。
Background:The popularity of edible cannabis products continues to grow in states with legal cannabis access, but few studies have investigated the acute effects of these commercially available products. The present study sought to explore the effects of three commercially available edible products with different levels of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).Methods:A sample of regular cannabis users (N=99) were evaluated. Fifty participants completed the study procedures in-person, whereas 49 participants completed the study procedures remotely via Zoom. Subjective effects and plasma cannabinoid levels (in-person participants only) were assessed before and 2 h after participants self-administered one of three productsad libitum: a THC-dominant edible product, a CBD-dominant edible product, or a THC+CBD edible product.Results:At the 2-h post-use assessment, among in-person participants, plasma THC and CBD levels were robustly correlated with self-reported milligrams of THC and CBD consumed, respectively. Across all three conditions, in-person and remote participants experienced (1) an increase in subjective intoxication and elation, (2) a decrease in tension, and (3) no change in paranoia from pre-use to post-use. At post-use, participants who used a CBD product reported less intoxication relative to participants who used a THC+CBD or THC-only product. Participants who used a THC+CBD product reported consuming less THC—and displayed lower plasma THC levels (in-person participants)—relative to participants who used a THC-only product, despite reporting similar levels of positive (intoxication, elation, liking) and psychotomimetic (paranoia, tension) effects. Psychotomimetic effects were very low among both in-person and remote participants across all three conditions, and there were no post-use differences across conditions.Conclusions:Findings suggest that experienced users who consumed a THC+CBD product reported similar levels of positive and psychotomimetic effects relative to those who consumed a THC-only product, despite consuming less THC and displaying lower plasma THC concentrations. Given the potential harms associated with acute cannabis reward and long-term THC exposure, further research is needed to establish whether edible cannabis products with CBD pose less risk to users. Future studies should examine whether these effects generalize to samples of infrequent users, who may have less experience with edible cannabis use. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03522103.