Global Conservation Potential in Coral Reef Halos: Consistency over Space, Time, and Ecosystems Worldwide

Global Conservation Potential in Coral Reef Halos: Consistency over Space, Time, and Ecosystems Worldwide
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珊瑚礁光环的全球保护潜力:全球空间、时间和生态系统的一致性

DOI:
10.1086/721436
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The American Naturalist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Suan, A.
Suan, A.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Madin, E. M.;Precoda, K.;Roelfsema, C. M.;Suan, A.

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珊瑚礁周围的光晕是由多物种相互作用产生的景观尺度图案,它们共同构成了数千平方公里的珊瑚礁景观。光环最早是在20世纪60年代被描述出来的,它在少数几个地方被发现,并继续吸引着科学家。目前尚不清楚的是,光晕在全球范围内的分布、持续时间和动态程度。我们研究了全球珊瑚礁的卫星图像,再加上现场观测,表明晕是一种全球普遍存在的、持续存在的、动态的生态现象,跨越了截然不同的系统。我们进一步记录了之前描述的在海草“珊瑚礁”周围的热带以外存在的光晕,并强调了珊瑚礁光晕变化,合并和持续的时间尺度。具体来说,我们表明光晕可以在相对较短的几个月的时间尺度上改变大小,尽管持续了几十年。在这样做的过程中,我们记录的模式表明,比以前假设的更多的生物物理机制可能会形成光晕。了解控制光晕形成和维持的一整套机制可能使我们能够将它们用作物种相互作用的代理。考虑到晕的全球范围、它们对沉积碳储量的影响以及它们与海洋保护区存在和成熟的关系,它们可能最终成为珊瑚礁生态系统功能和健康的全球相关指标。
Halos around coral reefs are landscape-scale patterns arising from multispecies interactions that collectively structure reefscapes over many thousands of square kilometers. First described in the 1960s, halos are known from a handful of locations and continue to captivate scientists. What remains unknown is how globally widespread, persistent, and dynamic halos are. We examined satellite imagery of reefs globally, coupled with in situ field observations, to show that halos are a globally ubiquitous, persistent, yet dynamic ecological phenomenon spanning vastly different systems. We further document the previously undescribed presence of halos outside the tropics surrounding seagrass “reefs” and highlight the temporal scales over which coral reef halos change, merge, and persist. Specifically, we show that halos can change in size over relatively short temporal scales of months, despite persisting over decades. In doing so, we document patterns suggesting that additional biophysical mechanisms than previously assumed may shape halos. Understanding the full suite of mechanisms governing halo formation and maintenance may enable us to use them as proxies for species interactions. Given the global extent of halos, their role in affecting sedimentary carbon storage, and their relationship with marine reserve existence and maturity, they may ultimately serve as globally relevant indicators of coral reef ecosystem functioning and health.
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