An essential role for a CD36-related receptor in pheromone detection in Drosophila
An essential role for a CD36-related receptor in pheromone detection in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1038/nature06328
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发表时间：
2007-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Vosshall, Leslie B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benton, Richard;Vannice, Kirsten S.;Vosshall, Leslie B.
CD36家族的跨膜受体广泛存在于后生动物中，在生化上与脂质结合和转运有关[1]。几种CD36蛋白在免疫系统中作为细菌病原体的清道夫受体发挥作用，并似乎通过促进细菌来源的脂类的识别而充当Toll样受体的辅助因子(2-4)。在这里，我们显示了果蝇黑腹果蝇CD36同源物，感觉神经元膜蛋白(SNMP)，在一组与信息素检测有关的嗅觉感觉神经元(OSN)中表达。SNMP对于表达OR67d受体的OSN对(Z)-11-十八烯基乙酸酯(CVA)的电生理反应是必不可少的，(Z)-11-十八烯基乙酸酯(CVA)是一种挥发性男性特有的脂肪酸衍生信息素，调节性和社会聚集行为(5-8)。飞蛾信息素受体HR13的脂类信息素配体(Z)-11-十六烯醛(9)激活也需要SNMP，但对于传统的气味受体OR22a对其短烃果酯配体的反应来说，SNMP是必不可少的。最后，我们证明了当OR67d在信息素正常激活的OSN中异位表达时，OR67d对CVA的反应需要SNMP。由于哺乳动物的CD36结合了脂肪酸(10)，我们认为SNMP与气味受体协同作用，捕捉嗅觉树突表面的信息素分子。我们的工作确定了气味受体的一个意想不到的辅助因子，它可能在昆虫信息素检测中发挥广泛的作用。此外，这些结果为CD36的功能定义了一个统一的模型，通过天然免疫系统将基于脂质的细胞外配体的识别与信息素交流和病原体识别中的信号受体偶联。
The CD36 family of transmembrane receptors is present across metazoans and has been implicated biochemically in lipid binding and transport(1). Several CD36 proteins function in the immune system as scavenger receptors for bacterial pathogens and seem to act as cofactors for Toll-like receptors by facilitating recognition of bacterially derived lipids(2-4). Here we show that a Drosophila melanogaster CD36 homologue, Sensory neuron membrane protein (SNMP), is expressed in a population of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) implicated in pheromone detection. SNMP is essential for the electrophysiological responses of OSNs expressing the receptor OR67d to (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA), a volatile male-specific fatty-acid-derived pheromone that regulates sexual and social aggregation behaviours(5-8). SNMP is also required for the activation of the moth pheromone receptor HR13 by its lipid-derived pheromone ligand (Z)-11-hexadecenal(9), but is dispensable for the responses of the conventional odorant receptor OR22a to its short hydrocarbon fruit ester ligands. Finally, we show that SNMP is required for responses of OR67d to cVA when ectopically expressed in OSNs not normally activated by pheromones. Because mammalian CD36 binds fatty acids(10), we suggest that SNMP acts in concert with odorant receptors to capture pheromone molecules on the surface of olfactory dendrites. Our work identifies an unanticipated cofactor for odorant receptors that is likely to have a widespread role in insect pheromone detection. Moreover, these results define a unifying model for CD36 function, coupling recognition of lipid-based extracellular ligands to signalling receptors in both pheromonal communication and pathogen recognition through the innate immune system.