Flying Foxes, Horses, and Humans: a Zoonosis Caused by a New Member of the Paramyxoviridae
Flying Foxes, Horses, and Humans: a Zoonosis Caused by a New Member of the Paramyxoviridae
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狐蝠、马和人类：副粘病毒科新成员引起的人畜共患病
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Peter Young
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Murray;B. Eaton;Peter Hooper;Lin‐Fa Wang;Mark Williamson;Peter Young
本章描述由巨粘病毒人畜共患病原体引起的疾病暴发；提供有关该病毒、其基因组及其野生动物宿主的最新描述；并记录了马麻疹病毒（EMV）感染的已知病理和发病机制。1994年9月下半月，在布里斯班郊区亨德拉的马厩里爆发了严重的呼吸道疾病。疫情的结果是13匹马死亡。训练师因严重呼吸受累住院后死亡，而稳定的手在长期患病后恢复。虽然在此期间马已被移出该物业，但感染并未向远处传播，广泛的监测表明，该病毒在马或人类中不活跃。在荧光抗体测试中，自然感染的马和人的血清对果蝠病毒反应强烈。从最初爆发期间受感染的马的一系列组织和已故驯兽师的肾脏中分离出相同的病毒。从形态学上讲，该病毒是副粘病毒科的成员。本文描述了马和猫的EMV野外和实验感染的病理情况。它与已知的副粘病毒科成员有足够的不同，可以被认为是一个新属的成员，它连接了两个现有的副粘病毒和麻疹病毒属。作者建议考虑在副粘病毒科副粘病毒亚科中建立一个新属，命名为巨粘病毒，型种为EMV。
This chapter describes the outbreaks of disease caused by Megamyxovirus zoonotic agent; provides an updated description of the virus, its genome, and its wildlife reservoir; and documents what is known of the pathology and pathogenesis of equine morbillivirus (EMV) infection. A severe outbreak of respiratory disease occurred in the second half of September 1994 in horses stabled in the Brisbane suburb of Hendra. The outcome of the outbreak was that 13 horses died. The trainer died after hospitalization with severe respiratory involvement, while the stable hand recovered after a protracted illness. Although horses had been moved off the property during this period, infection had not spread to distant sites and extensive surveillance showed that the virus was not active in horses or humans. In fluorescent-antibody tests, sera from naturally infected horses and humans reacted strongly with the fruit bat virus. Identical viruses were isolated from a range of tissues from horses infected during the initial outbreak and from a kidney of the deceased trainer. Morphologically the virus is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae. The pathology of field and experimental EMV infections in horses and experimental infections in cats has been described. It is sufficiently different from known members of the Paramyxoviridae to be considered a member of a new genus which bridges the two existing genera Paramyxovirus and Morbillivirus. The author proposes that consideration should be given to creating a new genus within the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae, to be called Megamyxovirus, with the type species being EMV.