A Systematic Review of Family Victimization Experiences Among Sexual Minority Youth.
A Systematic Review of Family Victimization Experiences Among Sexual Minority Youth.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10935-018-0523-x
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发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sterzing PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGeough BL;Sterzing PR
与他们的异性恋同龄人相比，性少数群体青年遭受家庭伤害的比率要高得多。尚未进行系统的审查，以确定在这一弱势群体中虐待儿童、遭受兄弟姐妹虐待和家庭暴力以及兄弟姐妹攻击的预测因素和后果。这项系统的审查旨在(A)描述性取向、性别和种族/族裔在这些家庭受害比率上的差异；(B)确定潜在的性少数群体和非性少数群体特有的风险因素；以及(C)确定身体、心理和行为健康与家庭外受害的相关性。遵循PRISMA指南的系统评价产生了32篇符合研究纳入标准的文章。性少数群体青少年的儿童期身体虐待、性虐待和情感虐待的比率一直高于他们的异性恋同龄人。双性恋青年似乎比他们的同性恋同龄人面临更大的身体虐待风险。在性少数群体里程碑阶段(第一次意识、披露和同性性接触)的年龄较小，性少数群体特有的风险因素(性行为披露、性别不一致)和非性少数群体特有的风险因素(犯罪行为、父母饮酒)水平较高，与家庭受害比例较高相关。与异性恋或未受虐待的性少数群体同龄人相比，经历过某种形式的儿童期虐待的性少数群体报告了更频繁的身体问题(艾滋病毒感染率更高，BMI更高，自认为健康水平更低)，精神(更高的抑郁发生率，创伤后应激障碍症状，经验性回避，内在的同性恋恐惧症)和行为(自杀，滥用药物，更早首次性行为，无保护的肛交)健康问题。经历过童年身体或性虐待的性少数群体女性比在以后生活中因性侵犯而受到性侵犯的性少数群体男性面临更大的风险。我们总结了这一系统的回顾，并对未来的研究提出了建议，包括有必要进行纵向研究，利用多受害概念框架来确定连接风险因素、不同类型的家庭受害以及健康和家庭外受害后果的发展路径。
Sexual minority youth experience substantially higher rates of family victimization than their heterosexual peers. No systematic review has yet identified the predictors and consequences in this vulnerable population of childhood abuse, exposure to sibling abuse and domestic violence, and sibling aggression. This systematic review aims to (a) describe differences in these family victimization rates by sexual orientation, gender, and race/ethnicity; (b) identify potential sexual minority and non-sexual minority-specific risk factors; and (c) identify physical, mental, and behavioral health and extrafamilial victimization correlates. The systematic review, which followed PRISMA guidelines, yielded 32 articles that met study inclusion criteria. Rates of childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse were consistently higher for sexual minority youth than for their heterosexual peers. Bisexual youth appear to be at greater risk for physical abuse than their gay and lesbian peers. Younger age at sexual minority milestones (first awareness, disclosure, and same-sex sexual contact) and higher levels of sexual minority-specific (sexuality disclosure, gender non-conformity) and non-sexual minority-specific (delinquent behaviors, parental drinking) risk factors were associated with higher rates of family victimization. Sexual minorities who experienced some form of childhood abuse reported more frequent physical (higher rates of HIV, higher BMIs, lower levels of perceived health), mental (higher rates of depression, PTSD symptoms, experiential avoidance, internalized homophobia), and behavioral (higher rates of suicidality, substance misuse, earlier sexual debut, unprotected anal sex) health problems relative to heterosexual or non-abused sexual minority peers. Sexual minority females who experienced childhood physical or sexual abuse were at greater risk than abused sexual minority males for sexual assault later in life. We conclude this systematic review with recommendations for future research, including the necessity for longitudinal research that utilizes a poly-victimization conceptual framework to identify the developmental pathways connecting risk factors, different types of family victimization, and health and extrafamilial victimization consequences.
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