Biological monitoring of isocyanates and related amines
Biological monitoring of isocyanates and related amines
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异氰酸酯和相关胺的生物监测
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
C. Sangö
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Brorson;G. Skarping;C. Sangö
两名男子暴露于甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）的气氛中，在三个不同的空气浓度（约。25、50和70μg/m3）。TDI气氛通过气相渗透法产生，并在8 m3不锈钢试验箱中进行暴露。有效暴露时间为4 h。试验室中空气的同分异构体组成为30%2，4-TDI和70%2，6-TDI。使用9-（N-甲基-氨基-甲基）-蒽试剂通过HPLC方法和通过连续监测的过滤带仪器测定试验室的空气中TDI的浓度。血浆和尿液水解后，相关的胺，2，4-甲苯二胺（2，4-TDA）和2，6-甲苯二胺（2，6-TDA），被确定为五氟丙酸酐（PFPA）衍生物，通过毛细管气相色谱法，选择离子监测（SIM）在电子碰撞模式。在血浆中，2，4-和2，6-TDA显示快速相消除半衰期约为2.5 min。2-5慢相> 6天。空气中2，4-和2，6-TDI的浓度与血浆中2，4-和2，6-TDA的水平之间存在联系。24小时内尿液中排泄的2，4-TDA累积量约为2，4-TDA。2，6-TDA的吸入剂量约为2，4-TDI的15%~ 19%。2，6-TDI吸入剂量的17%-23%。发现2，4-和2，6-TDA的累积（2,4小时）尿液排泄量与测试室中2，4-和2，6-TDI的空气浓度之间存在联系。在暴露的最后2小时内，还观察到2，4-和2，6-TDA的尿排泄率与试验室中2，4-和2，6-TDI的空气浓度之间存在联系。通过分析生物介质中的2，4-和2，6-TDA对单体2，4-和2，6-TDI暴露进行生物监测是可行的。推荐了一种基于2,4小时尿采样和测定水解尿中2，4-和2，6-TDA水平的方法。然而，暴露于TDI通常与含有聚合TDI的气溶胶有关，我们不知道尿液中TDA的分析是否也可用作暴露于TDI预聚物的标志物。
SummaryTwo men were exposed to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) atmospheres at three different air concentrations (ca. 25, 50 and 70μg/m3) . The TDI atmospheres were generated by a gas-phase permeation method, and the exposures were performed in an 8-m3 stainless-steel test chamber. The effective exposure period was 4h. The isomeric composition of the air in the test chamber was 30% 2,4-TDI and 70% 2,6-TDI. The concentration of TDI in air of the test chamber was determined by an HPLC method using the 9-(N-methyl-amino-methyl)-anthracene reagent and by a continuous-monitoring filter-tape instrument. Following the hydrolysis of plasma and urine, the related amines, 2,4-toluenediamine (2,4-TDA) and 2,6-toluenediamine (2,6-TDA), were determined as pentafluoropropionic anhydride (PFPA) derivatives by capillary gas chromatography using selected ion monitoring (SIM) in the electron-impact mode. In plasma, 2,4- and 2,6-TDA showed a rapid-phase elimination half-time of ca. 2–5 h, and that for the slow phase was > 6 days. A connection was observed between concentrations of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI in air and the levels of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA in plasma. The cumulated amount of 2,4-TDA excreted in the urine over 24 h was ca. 15%–19% of the estimated inhaled dose of 2,4-TDI, and that of 2,6-TDA was ca. 17%–23% of the inhaled dose of 2,6-TDI. A connection was found between the cumulated (24-h) urinary excretion of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA and the air concentration of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI in the test chamber. A connection was also observed between the rate of urinary excretion of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA over the last 2h of exposure and the air concentration of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI in the test chamber. Biological monitoring of exposure to monomeric 2,4- and 2,6-TDI by the analysis of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA in biological media is feasible. A method based on 24-h urine sampling and determination levels of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA in hydrolysed urine is recommended. However, exposure to TDI is often associated with aerosols containing polymeric TDI, and we do not know whether analysis of TDA in urine can also be used as a marker of exposure to TDI prepolymers.
聚氨酯泡沫工业中空气传播的 TDI 的异构体组成。
DOI：
10.1080/15298668491399640
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
American Industrial Hygiene Association journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rando,RJ;Abdel-Kader,HM;Hammad,YY
通讯作者：
Hammad,YY
异氰酸酯抑制胆碱酯酶活性。
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Brown,WE;Green,AH;Karol,MH;Alarie,YC
通讯作者：
Alarie,YC