Parental consent and adolescent risk behavior research
Parental consent and adolescent risk behavior research
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1547-5069.2003.00283.x
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tigges, BB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tigges, BB
目的：确定在以学校为基础的青少年危险行为研究中使用主动或被动父母同意的方法问题，并提出符合美国现行法律和道德标准的建议。方法：回顾和综合与青少年和父母同意、美国联邦法规和指导方针相关的专业文献，以及作者10多年来向机构审查委员会和资助机构提出这些论点和问题的经验。研究结果：征得父母同意的程序会影响研究的参与率、成本和选择偏差。当需要家长主动同意时，通常只有30%-60%的学生获得家长同意，而当使用被动同意时，这一比例为93%-100%。广泛的随访可能会导致55%-100%的家长同意，但成本很高（通常为每个学生20- 25美元）。主动同意会导致少数族裔、在学校有问题的学生以及已经有问题行为或有问题行为风险的学生被排除在外。在可能的情况下，采用被动的家长同意程序有很强的方法上的原因。目前的联邦法规包括四个方面，可以放弃或改变父母同意程序，包括使用被动父母同意。结论：卫生研究人员必须了解与父母同意相关的方法学、法律和伦理问题，以便开展高质量、有效的青少年研究，并为法律、政策和法规提供证据。
Purpose: To identify methodological issues related to the use of active or passive parental consent in school-based research on adolescent risk behavior research and to propose recommendations consistent with current legal and ethical standards in the United States.Methods: Review and synthesis of the professional literature related to adolescents and parental consent, federal regulations and guidelines in the United States, and the author's experience presenting these arguments and issues to institutional review boards and funding agencies for over 10 years.Findings: The procedures used for parental consent affect a study's participation rates, costs, and selection bias. When active parental consent is required, parental permission is typically obtained for only 30%-60% of students, compared to 93%-100% when passive consent is used. Extensive follow-up may result in 55%-100% of parents giving permission, but at significant cost (typically $20-$25 per student). Active consent results in the exclusion of minorities, students having problems in school, and students already engaged in or at risk for problem behaviors. Strong methodological reasons were identified for using passive parental consent procedures when possible. Current federal regulations include four areas for possible waiver or alterations in parental consent procedures, including the use of passive parental consent.Conclusions: Health researchers must understand the methodological, legal, and ethical issues related to parental consent to produce high-quality, valid research about adolescents and to provide evidence for laws, policies, and regulations.