Hypothesis and Theory: Revisiting Views on the Co-evolution of the Melanocortin Receptors and the Accessory Proteins, MRAP1 and MRAP2.
Hypothesis and Theory: Revisiting Views on the Co-evolution of the Melanocortin Receptors and the Accessory Proteins, MRAP1 and MRAP2.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2016.00079
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Dores RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dores RM
黑皮质素受体（MCR）的进化与黑皮质素-2受体辅助蛋白（MRAP）的进化密切相关。最近对象鲨基因组计划的注释揭示了推定的MRAP 1直系同源物的序列。软骨鱼类基因组中存在此序列，这可能是有颌类脊椎动物基因组中的mrap 1和mrap 2基因是脊索动物2 R基因组复制事件的结果。在软骨鱼类基因组中存在假定的MRAP 1直系同源物是令人困惑的。最近的研究黑皮质素-2受体（MC 2 R）的基因组中的象鲨和日本黄貂鱼表明，这些MC 2 R的直系同源物可以在CHO细胞中功能性表达，而不需要共表达的外源mrap 1 cDNA。这些软骨鱼MC 2 R直系同源物的新的配体选择性进行了讨论。最后，重新评估了mc 2 r和mc 5 r基因的起源。MC 2 R和MC 5 R的独特的一级序列保守性进行了讨论，根据这两个MCR旁系同源物的生理作用。
The evolution of the melanocortin receptors (MCRs) is closely associated with the evolution of the melanocortin-2 receptor accessory proteins (MRAPs). Recent annotation of the elephant shark genome project revealed the sequence of a putative MRAP1 ortholog. The presence of this sequence in the genome of a cartilaginous fish raises the possibility that the mrap1 and mrap2 genes in the genomes of gnathostome vertebrates were the result of the chordate 2R genome duplication event. The presence of a putative MRAP1 ortholog in a cartilaginous fish genome is perplexing. Recent studies on melanocortin-2 receptor (MC2R) in the genomes of the elephant shark and the Japanese stingray indicate that these MC2R orthologs can be functionally expressed in CHO cells without co-expression of an exogenous mrap1 cDNA. The novel ligand selectivity of these cartilaginous fish MC2R orthologs is discussed. Finally, the origin of the mc2r and mc5r genes is reevaluated. The distinctive primary sequence conservation of MC2R and MC5R is discussed in light of the physiological roles of these two MCR paralogs.