Preventing injury and injury-related disability in children and adolescents.
Preventing injury and injury-related disability in children and adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2004.01.010
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Barlow, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pressley, Joyce C;Barlow, Barbara
伤害是儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因，也是造成残疾和医疗支出超支的普遍原因。有一些可预测的伤害模式为预防提供了线索。基于流行病学的理论框架可用于指导伤害预防策略的发展，为我们的观察增加结构，并关注我们的预防活动。虽然在过去20年中，儿童和青少年的全因伤害死亡率有所下降，但巨大的种族差异仍然存在，这表明需要在高风险社区加强努力。在资源有限和少数族裔社区，儿科外科医生和儿科医生在实施以医院为基础的社区伤害预防项目方面发挥了强有力的领导作用，成功降低了儿童和青少年的伤害率。被认为必不可少的项目特征包括：(1)持续的伤害监测系统；(2)重点突出、多方面的预防活动，包括被动预防和主动预防；(3)教育;(4)招募其他卫生专业人员、地方政府官员、社区领袖和公众；(5)预防活动的评价和细化。
Injury is the leading cause of death and a prevalent source of disability and excess health expenditures in children and adolescents. There are predictable patterns to injury that provide clues to prevention. Epidemiologically-based theoretical frameworks are available to guide development of injury prevention strategies, to add structure to our observations, and focus to our prevention activities. While all-cause injury mortality rates have decreased in children and adolescents over the last 20 years, large ethnic disparities persist, indicating the need for intensified efforts in high-risk communities. Strong leadership from pediatric surgeons and pediatricians operating hospital-based community injury prevention programs has produced successful reductions in child and adolescent injury rates in resource-limited and minority neighborhoods. Among the program features considered essential are: (1) an ongoing injury surveillance system; (2) well-focused, multifaceted prevention activities, including both passive and active prevention approaches; (3) education; (4) enlistment of other health professionals, local government officials, community leaders, and the public; and (5) evaluation and refinement of prevention activities.