EARLY PREHISTORIC MAIZE IN NORTHERN HIGHLAND ECUADOR
EARLY PREHISTORIC MAIZE IN NORTHERN HIGHLAND ECUADOR
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DOI：
10.7183/1045-6635.27.1.3
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Morrison, Alex E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Athens, J. Stephen;Ward, Jerome V.;Morrison, Alex E.
Cotocallao的完全发展的形成地点的发现（约。3750-2350 cal. B.P.）在基多盆地和La Chimba（约2650-1700 cal. B.P.）在厄瓜多尔北方高地发现的古埃及人，提出了关于其文化渊源的问题，尽管在该地区进行了数十年的考古工作，但这些问题仍未得到解决。在厄瓜多尔北方高原的圣巴勃罗湖进行了古环境取样调查，以确定该地区温带高原山谷中史前玉米种植的开始日期。调查包括对湖泊沉积物中花粉、植硅体、硅藻和火山灰的分析：早在4900卡尔BP就发现了玉米花粉，而玉米植硅体的年代甚至更早，到6200或6600 cal. B. P.这些结果表明，在圣巴勃罗湖周围的山谷玉米种植的历史悠久，但在一个主要和次要的火山爆发的间断记录的背景下。得出的结论是，早于Cotocallao和La Chimba的早期园艺遗址必须存在，但要找到这样的网站，考古学家将不得不定位和研究深埋的A层土壤。
The discovery of the fully developed Formative sites of Cotocallao (ca. 3750-2350 cal. B.P.) in the Quito Basin and La Chimba (ca. 2650-1700 cal. B.P.) in the northern highlands of Ecuador has raised questions about their cultural antecedents, which have not been resolved despite decades of archaeological work in the region. Paleoenvironmental coring investigations were conducted at Lake San Pablo in northern highland Ecuador to determine the date for the onset of prehistoric maize farming in the temperate highland valleys of this region. The investigations included analysis of lake sediments for pollen, phytoliths, diatoms, and tephra: Maize pollen was identified as early as 4900 cal. B.P., while maize phytoliths dated even earlier, to 6200 or 6600 cal. B.P. These results demonstrate a long history of maize farming in valleys around Lake San Pablo, but in the context of a punctuated record of major and minor volcanic eruptions. It is concluded that early horticultural sites predating Cotocallao and La Chimba must exist, but to find such sites, archaeologists will have to locate and study deeply buried A-horizon soils.