Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems
Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems
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气候突变和深海生态系统崩溃
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0705486105
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Linsley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Yasuhara;T. Cronin;P. deMenocal;Hisayo Okahashi;B. Linsley
我们研究了过去20,000年来在大西洋西北部一个中等深度的岩芯中，在气候和海洋快速变化时期的深海介形类化石记录。结果表明，在气候驱动的主要海洋变化期间，深海底栖群落发生“崩溃”，动物种群周转率高达50%。在这些事件中，用香农-维纳指数衡量的物种多样性从3下降到1.6。底栖生物群落的重大破坏始于海因里希事件1、阿勒罗德间冷期(IACP：13.1ka)、年轻仙女木(YD：12.9-11.5ka)以及发生深水循环变化的几个全新世邦德事件。最大的崩塌与YD/IACP有关，其特征是北大西洋上层深水组合和物种多样性在13.1ka和12.2ka突然两步下降。直到≈8ka，随着拉布拉多海水通风系统的建立，该地点的介形虫动物群才完全恢复。在这次群落崩溃期间，生态机会主义的斜坡物种繁盛起来。在过去的20年中，其他突然的群落崩溃通常与千禧年的气候事件相对应。这些结果表明，深海生态系统也不能幸免于几个世纪或更短时间内发生的快速气候变化的影响。
We investigated the deep-sea fossil record of benthic ostracodes during periods of rapid climate and oceanographic change over the past 20,000 years in a core from intermediate depth in the northwestern Atlantic. Results show that deep-sea benthic community “collapses” occur with faunal turnover of up to 50% during major climatically driven oceanographic changes. Species diversity as measured by the Shannon–Wiener index falls from 3 to as low as 1.6 during these events. Major disruptions in the benthic communities commenced with Heinrich Event 1, the Inter-Allerød Cold Period (IACP: 13.1 ka), the Younger Dryas (YD: 12.9–11.5 ka), and several Holocene Bond events when changes in deep-water circulation occurred. The largest collapse is associated with the YD/IACP and is characterized by an abrupt two-step decrease in both the upper North Atlantic Deep Water assemblage and species diversity at 13.1 ka and at 12.2 ka. The ostracode fauna at this site did not fully recover until ≈8 ka, with the establishment of Labrador Sea Water ventilation. Ecologically opportunistic slope species prospered during this community collapse. Other abrupt community collapses during the past 20 ka generally correspond to millennial climate events. These results indicate that deep-sea ecosystems are not immune to the effects of rapid climate changes occurring over centuries or less.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
J. Lynch‐Stieglitz;J. Adkins;W. Curry;T. Dokken;I. Hall;J. Herguera;J. Hirschi;E. Ivanova;
通讯作者：
J. Lynch‐Stieglitz;J. Adkins;W. Curry;T. Dokken;I. Hall;J. Herguera;J. Hirschi;E. Ivanova;