Latin American and Caribbean countries' baseline clinical and policy guidelines for responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women
Latin American and Caribbean countries' baseline clinical and policy guidelines for responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-015-1994-9
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发表时间：
2015-07-15
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
MacMillan, Harriet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stewart, Donna E.;Aviles, Raquel;MacMillan, Harriet
背景：对妇女的暴力行为是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，对身心健康和生殖健康产生负面影响。世界卫生组织（世卫组织）已将亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性暴力（SV）确定为预防和改善的主要目标，最近制定了临床和政策指南，以协助医疗保健提供者。该项目旨在确定拉丁美洲和加勒比地区（LAC）2013年IPV和SV的基线国家政策和临床指南，以确定需要采取行动的优势和差距。泛美卫生组织/世界卫生组织美洲区域办事处与泛美卫生组织/世卫组织的国家协调中心联系，要求其提供关于IPV/SV的现行国家政策和临床指南（协议）。我们通过搜索互联网和联合国妇女网站扩大了这一点。对每个国家的政策和临床指南（如有）进行了审查，并根据世卫组织临床和政策指南将其输入评分矩阵。每个标题和副标题的总分是通过增加积极的回应来确定LAC区域的优势和差距。结果：我们从总共18个国家获得了15项国家政策和12项国家临床指南（协议）（“回应”率66. 7%）。国家政策在身体、情感和性暴力方面是全面的，并建议进行良好的部门间合作。最大的差距在于对保健提供者的培训。以妇女为中心的IPV/SV幸存者护理国家指南在隐私、保密、危险评估、安全规划和对披露的支持性反应等重要领域都很强。注意到的最大差距再次在培训医疗保健专业人员和加强监测和评价services.Conclusions：基线测量政策和临床指南IPV/SV在拉丁美洲和加勒比泛美卫生组织/世卫组织成员国在发布2013年世卫组织临床和政策指南时，揭示了一些重要的优势，但也有严重的差距，需要解决。最迫切的需要是对保健提供者采取协调一致的培训举措，并加强对服务的多部门监测和评价。今后需要对国家政策、临床指南、监测和评价进行评价，以衡量所需扩大进程的进展情况。
Background: Violence against women is a global public health problem with negative effects on physical, mental, and reproductive health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) as major targets for prevention and amelioration and recently developed clinical and policy guidelines to assist healthcare providers. This project was undertaken to determine the 2013 baseline national policies and clinical guidelines on IPV and SV within the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region to identify strengths and gaps requiring action.Methods: Each Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas (PAHO/WHO) country focal point was contacted to request their current national policy and clinical guidelines (protocol) on IPV/SV. We augmented this by searching the internet and the United Nations Women website. Each country's policy and clinical guideline (where available) was reviewed and entered into a scoring matrix based on WHO Clinical and Policy Guidelines. A total score for each heading and subheading was developed by adding positive responses to identify LAC regional strengths and gaps.Results: We obtained 15 national policies and 12 national clinical guidelines (protocols) from a total of 18 countries ("response" rate 66.7 %). National policies were comprehensive in terms of physical, emotional, and sexual violence and recommended good intersectoral collaboration. The greatest gap was in the training of health-care providers. National Guidelines for women-centered care for IPV/SV survivors were strong in the vital areas of privacy, confidentiality, danger assessment, safety planning, and supportive reactions to disclosure. The largest gaps noted were again in training healthcare professionals and strengthening monitoring and evaluation of services.Conclusions: Baseline measurement of policy and clinical guidelines for IPV/SV in LAC PAHO/WHO member countries at the time of issuing the 2013 WHO Clinical and Policy Guidelines reveals some important strengths, but also serious gaps that need to be addressed. The most pressing needs are for concerted training initiatives for healthcare providers and strengthening multisectoral monitoring and evaluation of services. A future evaluation of national policies, clinical guidelines, monitoring and evaluation will need to be conducted to measure the progress of the required scaling-up process.