Coordination of bowing and fingering in violin playing
Coordination of bowing and fingering in violin playing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.11.008
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wiesendanger, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baader, AP;Kazennikov, O;Wiesendanger, M
演奏弦乐器意味着运动技能，包括不对称的肢体间协调。与其他双手协调的非音乐技巧表演相比，音乐技巧有多特别？我们首次成功地定量测量了小提琴家在重复演奏一个简单的音调序列时的双手协调。运动分析系统用于记录手指和弓的运动轨迹，以评估手指按压、手指抬起（左手）和弓划逆转（右臂）的颞结构。主要结果表明：(1)指法由连续和平行（预期）机构组成；(2)手指和弓动作的同步变化在-12 ms到60 ms之间，但这些“错误”并没有被感知到。结果表明：(1)弓指同步与完全同步相差约50 ms，但不影响听觉感知；(2)时间结构取决于一些组合机制的弓和指法。这些基本机制在所有球员身上都能观察到，包括所有的业余球员。成功的指法和弓弦的生物力学测量为评估运动技能开辟了广阔的实用领域。因此，客观评估具有不同音乐熟练程度的较大群体的弦乐器演奏者，或发展为运动障碍的专业弦乐器演奏者，可能有助于音乐教育。(c) 2004 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Playing string instruments implies motor skills including asymmetrical interlimb coordination. How special is musical skill as compared to other bimanually coordinated, non-musical skillful performances? We succeeded for the first time to measure quantitatively bimanual coordination in violinists playing repeatedly a simple tone sequence. A motion analysis system was used to record finger and bow trajectories for assessing the temporal structure of finger-press, finger-lift (left hand), and bow stroke reversals (right arm). The main results were: (1) fingering consisted of serial and parallel (anticipatory) mechanisms; (2) synchronization between finger and bow actions varied from -12 ms to 60 ms, but these 'errors' were not perceived. The results suggest that (1) bow-finger synchronization varied by about 50 ms from perfect simultaneity, but without impairing auditory perception; (2) the temporal structure depends on a number of combinatorial mechanisms of bowing and fingering. These basic mechanisms were observed in all players, including all amateurs. The successful biomechanical measures of fingering and bowing open a vast practical field of assessing motor skills. Thus, objective assessment of larger groups of string players with varying musical proficiency, or of professional string players developing movement disorders, may be helpful in music education. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.