Animal models of atherosclerosis.
Animal models of atherosclerosis.
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DOI：
10.1161/atvbaha.111.237693
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发表时间：
2012-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reardon CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Getz GS;Reardon CA
动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病，是大多数心血管疾病的根本原因。血管壁细胞和免疫系统细胞都参与动脉粥样硬化形成。这一过程受到血浆脂蛋白、遗传学和动脉血流动力学的严重影响。各种小型和大型动物模型已被用于研究动脉粥样硬化的过程。没有一种模型是理想的，因为每种模型在致动脉粥样硬化过程的操纵和人类动脉粥样硬化或脂蛋白谱的建模方面都有其自身的优点和局限性。有用的大型动物模型包括猪、兔和非人灵长类动物。在很大程度上由于相对容易的遗传操作和动脉粥样硬化的发展相对较短的时间框架，小鼠模型目前是最广泛使用的。虽然不是所有方面的小鼠动脉粥样硬化是相同的人类，使用小鼠模型的研究表明，潜在的生物过程和相互作用，这一过程的基础。由于不同的因素可能影响病变发展的不同阶段，因此使用能够以组织特异性和时间方式打开或删除蛋白质或细胞的小鼠模型将非常有价值。
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that is the underlying cause of most cardiovascular disease. Both cells of the vessel wall and cells of the immune system participate in atherogenesis. This process is heavily influenced by plasma lipoproteins, genetics and the hemodynamics of the blood flow in the artery. A variety of small and large animal models have been used to study the atherogenic process. No model is ideal as each has its own advantages and limitations with respect to manipulation of the atherogenic process and modeling human atherosclerosis or lipoprotein profile. Useful large animal models include pigs, rabbits and non-human primates. Due in large part to the relative ease of genetic manipulation and the relatively short time frame for the development of atherosclerosis, murine models are currently the most extensively used. While not all aspects of murine atherosclerosis are identical to humans, studies using murine models have suggested potential biological processes and interactions that underlie this process. As it becomes clear that different factors may influence different stages of lesion development, the use of mouse models with the ability to turn on or delete proteins or cells in tissue specific and temporal manner will be very valuable.