863 genomes reveal the origin and domestication of chicken
863 genomes reveal the origin and domestication of chicken
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863个基因组揭示了鸡的起源和驯化
DOI：
10.1038/s41422-020-0349-y
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发表时间：
2020-06-25
期刊：
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ya-Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Ming-Shan;Thakur, Mukesh;Zhang, Ya-Ping
尽管鸡在世界各地的人类社会中发挥了重要作用，但它们驯化的地理和时间起源仍然存在争议。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了863个基因组，这些基因组来自全球范围内的鸡和所有四种野生原鸡和五种红原鸡（RJF）亚种的代表。我们的研究表明，家鸡最初起源于RJF亚种原鸡spadiceus，其现在的分布主要是在中国西南部，北方泰国和缅甸。经过驯化后，鸡被转移到东南亚和南亚，在当地与RJF亚种和其他原鸡品种杂交。此外，我们的研究结果表明，白色来航鸡品种具有不同的祖先从其他亚种的RJF继承马赛克。尽管强烈的情节基因流从地理上不同的血统的丛林鸡，我们的分析表明，家鸡经历遗传适应，其独特的行为，形态和生殖特征的基础。我们的研究为家禽的进化历史提供了新的见解，并为促进世界上数量最多的家禽的遗传和功能研究提供了宝贵的资源。
Despite the substantial role that chickens have played in human societies across the world, both the geographic and temporal origins of their domestication remain controversial. To address this issue, we analyzed 863 genomes from a worldwide sampling of chickens and representatives of all four species of wild jungle fowl and each of the five subspecies of red jungle fowl (RJF). Our study suggests that domestic chickens were initially derived from the RJF subspeciesGallus gallus spadiceuswhose present-day distribution is predominantly in southwestern China, northern Thailand and Myanmar. Following their domestication, chickens were translocated across Southeast and South Asia where they interbred locally with both RJF subspecies and other jungle fowl species. In addition, our results show that the White Leghorn chicken breed possesses a mosaic of divergent ancestries inherited from other subspecies of RJF. Despite the strong episodic gene flow from geographically divergent lineages of jungle fowls, our analyses show that domestic chickens undergo genetic adaptations that underlie their unique behavioral, morphological and reproductive traits. Our study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history of domestic chickens and a valuable resource to facilitate ongoing genetic and functional investigations of the world’s most numerous domestic animal.