One-Sided Multidimensional Statistical Significance Testing: A New Method of Calculating the Statistical Significance of Spectra Used to Demonstrate Magnetic Nanoparticle Sensitivity.
One-Sided Multidimensional Statistical Significance Testing: A New Method of Calculating the Statistical Significance of Spectra Used to Demonstrate Magnetic Nanoparticle Sensitivity.
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单侧多维统计显着性测试：一种计算用于证明磁性纳米粒子敏感性的光谱统计显着性的新方法。
DOI：
10.1088/1361-6463/ac7012
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Demidenko,Eugene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weaver,JohnB;Weaver,ClaireV;Ness,DylanB;Gordon-Wylie,ScottW;Demidenko,Eugene
估计两个光谱或序列之间差异的统计显著性是一个基本的统计问题。存在多变量显著性检验，但其局限性使其无法在许多常见情况下使用;例如单侧检验、不等方差以及当获得很少的重复时，所有这些都是纳米颗粒布朗运动（MSB）的磁谱学所需的。我们介绍一种测试，称为TS测试，这是强大的和准确的（确切的I型错误）。它足够灵活，可以是单侧或双侧的，单侧版本可以指定任意区域，其中每个频谱应该更大。TS检验采用每个频率的单侧或双侧p值，并使用Stouffer方法将其组合。我们评估它使用模拟光谱和测量MSB光谱。对于单侧版本，频谱平均值AT用作参考;当每个频率的方差均匀时，TS检验同样有效，当噪声功率不均匀时，TS检验优于TS检验。对于双侧版本，使用Hotelling T2双侧多变量检验作为参考;双侧TS检验在大量重复时的效力仅略低，而在少量重复时的表现则相当出色。TS测试被用来估计我们目前的MSB光谱仪的灵敏度，显示1 ng的灵敏度。使用8次重复，TS测试允许鉴定15 pM浓度的小鼠IL-6，而光谱的平均值仅鉴定76 pM。
Estimating statistical significance of the difference between two spectra or series is a fundamental statistical problem. Multivariate significance tests exist but the limitations preclude their use in many common cases; eg one-sided testing, unequal variance and when few repetitions are acquired all of which are required in magnetic spectroscopy of nanoparticle Brownian motion (MSB). We introduce a test, termed the TS test, that is powerful and exact (exact type I error). It is flexible enough to be one-or two-sided and the one-sided version can specify arbitrary regions where each spectrum should be larger. The TS test takes the-one or two-sided p-value at each frequency and combines them using Stouffer's method. We evaluated it using simulated spectra and measured MSB spectra. For the single-sided version, mean of the spectrum, AT, was used as a reference; the TS test is as powerful when the variance at each frequency is uniform and outperforms when the noise power is not uniform. For the two-sided version, the Hotelling T2 two-sided multivariate test was used as a reference; the two-sided TS test is only slightly less powerful for large numbers of repetitions and outperforms rather dramatically for small numbers of repetitions. The TS test was used to estimate the sensitivity of our current MSB spectrometer showing 1 ng sensitivity. Using eight repetitions the TS test allowed 15 pM concentrations of mouse IL-6 to be identified while the mean of the spectra only identified 76 pM.