NOTES ON COUNTERTRANSFERENCE
NOTES ON COUNTERTRANSFERENCE
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DOI：
10.1177/000306516501300102
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发表时间：
1965-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
KERNBERG, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KERNBERG, O
反移情的概念反移情概念的两种解释方法可以被描述。让我们称第一种方法为“古典”方法，并将其反移情概念定义为精神分析师对病人移情的无意识反应。这种方法与弗洛伊德（8）首次提出的术语用法以及他关于分析师克服反移情的建议（9）保持了密切的联系。这种方法也倾向于将分析师的神经质冲突视为反移情的主要来源。让我们把第二种方法称为"整体主义"方法;这里反移情被看作是精神分析师在治疗情境中对病人的全部情感反应。这一学派认为，在治疗情境中，分析师对病人的有意识和无意识反应，既是对病人现实的反应，也是对病人移情的反应，也是对分析师自身现实需要和神经质需要的反应。这第二种方法也意味着，分析师的这些情绪反应是紧密融合的，尽管反移情肯定应该得到解决，但它有助于获得对病人的更多理解。简而言之，这种方法使用了更广泛的反移情定义，并提倡更积极地使用它。
The Concept of Countertransference wo CONTRASTING approaches in regard to the concept of countertransference could be described. Let us call the first approach T the “classical” one, and define its concept of countertransference as the unconscious reaction of the psychoanalyst to the patient’s transference. This approach stays close to the use of the term as first proposed by Freud (8) and to his recommendation that the analyst overcome his countertransference (9). This approach also tends to view neurotic conflicts of the analyst as the main origin of the countertransference. Let us call the second approach the “totalistic” one; here countertransference is viewed as the total emotional reaction of the psychoanalyst to the patient in the treatment situation. This school of thought believes that the analyst’s conscious and unconscious reactions to the patient in the treatment situation are reactions to the patient’s reality as well as to his transference, and also to the analyst’s own reality needs as well as to his neurotic needs. This second approach also implies that these emotional reactions of the analyst are intimately fused, and that although countertransference should certainly be resolved, it is useful in gaining more understanding of the patient. In short, this approach uses a broader definition of countertransference and advocates a more active technical use of it. Some radical proponents of this approach