Long-term programming effects of early nutrition -- implications for the preterm infant.
Long-term programming effects of early nutrition -- implications for the preterm infant.
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jp.7211308
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lucas, Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucas, Alan
目前营养科学的重点已经从满足需求转向确定营养对即时和终生健康的生物效应。特别有趣的是编程的概念，即“在发育的关键或敏感时期的刺激或侮辱可以对生物体产生长期或终生的影响。”早期营养对动物有这种“程序化”效应的证据是压倒性的。在人类中，回顾性观察显示成年疾病与生命早期体型之间的关系，尽管很难从观察关联中证明营养原因，因此难以使用此类数据来支持卫生政策。然而，长期随访的早期营养随机干预试验的结果正在出现。这些实验研究表明，生命早期的营养对成年早期的健康有重大影响，特别是对心血管疾病风险、骨骼健康和认知功能。这些新发现具有重大的生物学、社会和医学意义，应日益成为卫生实践的基础。
The current focus of nutritional science has shifted from meeting needs to determining the biological effects that nutrition has on immediate and lifetime health. Of particular interest is the concept of programming, the idea that "a stimulus or insult during a critical or sensitive period of development can have long-term or lifetime effects on an organism." Evidence that early nutrition has such "programming" effects in animals is overwhelming. In humans, retrospective observations show a relationship between adult disease and size in early life, though it is difficult to prove nutritional cause from observational associations and therefore difficult to use such data to underpin health policy. However, the results of randomized intervention trials of early nutrition with long-term follow-up are emerging. These experimental studies show that nutrition in early life has a major impact on health into early adulthood, notably on cardiovascular disease risk, bone health and cognitive function. These new findings have major biological, social and medical implications and should increasingly underpin health practices.