Approaches to the sign problem in lattice field theory
Approaches to the sign problem in lattice field theory
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DOI：
10.1142/s0217751x16430077
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发表时间：
2016-08-10
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Langfeld, Kurt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gattringer, Christof;Langfeld, Kurt
有限密度物质的量子场论通常涉及复杂的作用。基于重要抽样的标准蒙特卡罗模拟在粒子物理学中产生了近40年的定量第一性原理结果，但不能应用于这种情况。在过去的三十年里，人们提出了各种各样的策略来克服这种所谓的符号问题或复杂动作问题。本文回顾了晶格场理论中的符号问题，重点介绍了两种最新的方法：世界线表示的二象化方法和状态密度方法。
Quantum field theories (QFTs) at finite densities of matter generically involve complex actions. Standard Monte Carlo simulations based upon importance sampling, which have been producing quantitative first principle results in particle physics for almost forty years, cannot be applied in this case. Various strategies to overcome this so-called sign problem or complex action problem were proposed during the last thirty years. We here review the sign problem in lattice field theories, focusing on two more recent methods: dualization to worldline type of representations and the density-of-states approach.