Context-dependent functions of specific microRNAs in neuronal development.

Context-dependent functions of specific microRNAs in neuronal development.
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DOI:
10.1186/1749-8104-5-25
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发表时间:
2010-10-01
期刊:
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Gao FB
Gao FB
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao FB

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microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类在转录后水平调控多种发育过程的小分子非编码RNA。最近的研究表明,许多miRNAs在神经元发育和功能中发挥着重要作用。特别是,miR-9和miR-124在哺乳动物神经系统中特异性表达,并且它们各自的核苷酸序列在许多物种中是100%相同的。然而,它们的表达模式和mRNA靶点在整个进化过程中不太保守。因此,这些miRNA在神经元发育的不同方面表现出不同的上下文依赖性功能,从早期神经发生和神经元分化到树枝状形态发生和突触可塑性。其他一些神经元miRNA在发育中也表现出环境依赖性功能。因此,通过miRNAs对蛋白质编码基因的空间和时间表达水平的转录后调节独特地有助于复杂神经系统的适当发育和进化。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate multiple developmental processes at the post-transcriptional level. Recent rapid progresses have demonstrated critical roles for a number of miRNAs in neuronal development and function. In particular, miR-9 and miR-124 are specifically expressed in the mammalian nervous system, and their respective nucleotide sequences are 100% identical among many species. Yet, their expression patterns and mRNA targets are less conserved throughout evolution. As a consequence, these miRNAs exhibit diverse context-dependent functions in different aspects of neuronal development, ranging from early neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation to dendritic morphogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Some other neuronal miRNAs also exhibit context-dependent functions in development. Thus, post-transcriptional regulation of spatial and temporal expression levels of protein-coding genes by miRNAs contributes uniquely to the proper development and evolution of the complex nervous system.
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