Exhausting attentional tracking resources with a single fast-moving object
Exhausting attentional tracking resources with a single fast-moving object
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2011.10.003
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Chen, Wei-Ying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holcombe, Alex O.;Chen, Wei-Ying
在繁忙的道路上行驶、躲避一群掠食者或进行团队运动都需要跟踪多个移动物体。在典型的实验室任务中，人类可以跟踪的视觉目标的数量约为四个。已经提出了三种类型的理论来解释这一限制。固定限制理论假设了一定数量的注意力指针可用于跟踪对象。空间干扰理论提出，当目标彼此靠近时，它们的注意力聚光会相互干扰。资源理论认为，有限的资源在目标之间分配，而性能反映了每个目标的可用量。本实验利用广泛分离的物体来避免空间干扰，验证了资源理论的预测。跟踪两个目标的最快目标速度比跟踪一个目标的最快速度要慢得多。如果在高速下只能跟踪单个目标，则跟踪两个目标的速度限制大约是预测的速度限制。这个结果不能被固定极限理论或干涉理论所接受。显然，一个快速目标如果移动得足够快，就会耗尽注意力资源。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Driving on a busy road, eluding a group of predators, or playing a team sport involves keeping track of multiple moving objects. In typical laboratory tasks, the number of visual targets that humans can track is about four. Three types of theories have been advanced to explain this limit. The fixed-limit theory posits a set number of attentional pointers available to follow objects. Spatial interference theory proposes that when targets are near each other, their attentional spotlights mutually interfere. Resource theory asserts that a limited resource is divided among targets, and performance reflects the amount available per target. Utilising widely separated objects to avoid spatial interference, the present experiments validated the predictions of resource theory. The fastest target speed at which two targets could be tracked was much slower than the fastest speed at which one target could be tracked. This speed limit for tracking two targets was approximately that predicted if at high speeds, only a single target could be tracked. This result cannot be accommodated by the fixed-limit or interference theories. Evidently a fast target, if it moves fast enough, can exhaust attentional resources. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.