A four-day Western-style dietary intervention causes reductions in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory and interoceptive sensitivity
A four-day Western-style dietary intervention causes reductions in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory and interoceptive sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0172645
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发表时间：
2017-02-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Francis, Heather M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Attuquayefio, Tuki;Stevenson, Richard J.;Francis, Heather M.
在动物中，西式饮食-高饱和脂肪和添加糖-导致大脑依赖性学习和记忆（HDLM）以及内部身体状态感知（内感受）受损。在人类中，虽然西式饮食、HDLM和内感受之间存在相关性支持，但尚未有因果关系数据。在这里，健康个体被随机分配连续四天食用高饱和脂肪和添加糖的早餐（实验条件）或更健康的早餐（对照条件）。在第一天和第四天的早餐前后进行HDLM，内感受和生物学措施的测试，参与者在研究之前和研究期间完成食物日记。在研究结束时，相对于对照条件，实验条件显示HDLM显著降低，并且对饥饿和饱腹感的内感受性敏感性降低。相对于对照，实验条件还显示出对他们的早餐的显著不同的血糖和甘油三酯响应，其中早餐期间血糖的较大变化与HDLM的较大降低相关。实验条件通过减少碳水化合物摄入量来补偿他们的能量密集早餐，而饱和脂肪摄入量始终高于对照组。这是第一个在人类中进行的实验研究，证明西式饮食在相对较短的休息时间后会影响HDLM-就像在动物中一样。饮食诱导的HDLM变化和血糖之间的联系表明饮食影响人类HDLM的一种途径。
In animals, a Western style diet-high in saturated fat and added sugar-causes impairments in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory (HDLM) and perception of internal bodily state (interoception). In humans, while there is correlational support for a link between Western- style diet, HDLM, and interoception, there is as yet no causal data. Here, healthy individuals were randomly assigned to consume either a breakfast high in saturated fat and added sugar (Experimental condition) or a healthier breakfast (Control condition), over four consecutive days. Tests of HDLM, interoception and biological measures were administered before and after breakfast on the days one and four, and participants completed food diaries before and during the study. At the end of the study, the Experimental condition showed significant reductions in HDLM and reduced interoceptive sensitivity to hunger and fullness, relative to the Control condition. The Experimental condition also showed a markedly different blood glucose and triglyceride responses to their breakfast, relative to Controls, with larger changes in blood glucose across breakfast being associated with greater reductions in HDLM. The Experimental condition compensated for their energy-dense breakfast by reducing carbohydrate intake, while saturated fat intake remained consistently higher than Controls. This is the first experimental study in humans to demonstrate that a Western-style diet impacts HDLM following a relatively short exposure-just as in animals. The link between diet-induced HDLM changes and blood glucose suggests one pathway by which diet impacts HDLM in humans.