Opportunities in microbial biotransformation of monoterpenes

Opportunities in microbial biotransformation of monoterpenes
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单萜微生物生物转化的机会

DOI:
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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
David J. Leak
David J. Leak
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
--
作者:
M. J. van der Werf;Jan A. M. de Bont;David J. Leak

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单萜类化合物是重要的香味化合物。在过去的30年里,对单萜的生物转化进行了广泛的研究。在这些研究中遇到了一些特殊的问题,这些问题阻碍了单萜生物转化方法的商业化。最重要的问题是单萜的化学不稳定性,底物和产物的毒性以及微生物中存在的多种转化途径。尽管遇到了这些问题,单萜生物转化领域仍然对食品和香料工业具有巨大的潜在商业利益。使用生物技术方法生产调味剂和香料的主要优点是这样的事实,即以这种方式生产的萜类化合物可以被称为天然的,并且生物催化剂通常显示出高的区域选择性和立体选择性。除了恶臭假单胞菌降解(+)-和(−)-樟脑外,有关单萜生物降解所涉及的酶系统的信息相当稀少。然而,在过去的十年中,新的信息已经成为可用于纯化和描述的几种酶参与其他单萜降解途径。编码这些酶的遗传信息已经被克隆和测序。将来,基因工程技术可能提供可用于生产所需产品的改良菌株。
Monoterpenes are important flavour and fragrance compounds. The biotransformation of monoter penes has been studied quite extensively during the past 30 years. Specific problems have been encountered during these studies which have prevented the commercialization of monoterpene biotransformation processes. The most important problems were the chemical instability of monoterpenes, the substrate and product toxicity and the presence of multiple transformation pathways in the microorganisms. Notwithstanding the encountered problems, the area of monoterpene biotransformation remains of great potential commercial interest to the food and perfume industry. The main advantages of the use of biotechnological methods for the production of flavours and fragrances are the fact that terpenoids produced in this way can be called natural and the fact that biocatalysts show, in general, a high regio- and stereoselectivity. Information regarding the enzyme systems involved in monoterpene biodegradation, except for the degradation of (+)- and (−)-camphor by Pseudomonas putida, is rather scarce. However, during the past decade new information has become available on the purification and description of several enzymes involved in other monoterpene degradation pathways. The genetic information encoding some of these enzymes has been cloned and sequenced. In the future, genetic engineering techniques may provide modified strains which can be used for the production of the desired product.
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