Sources and fates of heavy metals in a mining-impacted stream: temporal variability and the role of iron oxides.
Sources and fates of heavy metals in a mining-impacted stream: temporal variability and the role of iron oxides.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.126
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发表时间：
2014-08-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Shine, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaider, Laurel A.;Senn, David B.;Estes, Emily R.;Brabander, Daniel J.;Shine, James P.
矿区地表沃茨的重金属污染往往涉及多种来源和不同地球化学条件的复杂相互作用。我们比较了地表和地下的金属负载从矿山废物堆径流和矿山排水排放和特点的影响，铁氧化物对金属命运沿着0.9公里长的焦油溪（俄克拉荷马州，美国），排水废弃的锌/铅矿区。每个来源的重要性不同的金属：矿山废物堆径流贡献了70%的镉，而矿山排水贡献了90%的铅，这两个来源的贡献类似于锌负荷。地下输入占40%的流量和40-70%的金属负载沿着这一伸展。流床氧化铁聚集体材料含有高度升高的Zn（高达27，000 μg g g−1），Pb（高达550 μg g g−1）和Cd（高达200 μg g g g−1），并被表征为氧化铁，细粒矿山废物和有机材料的非均匀混合物。顺序提取证实优先螯合铅的铁氧化物，以及大量的锌和镉的铁氧化物馏分中的浓度，与额外的积累，锌，铅，镉在下游运输。与历史数据的比较表明，虽然金属浓度在矿井排水减少了一个数量级以上，近几十年来，矿山废物堆径流的化学成分一直保持相对恒定，表明较少的衰减和增加的相对重要性桩径流。这些结果突出了监测与不断变化的物种形成有关的污染场地的时间变化的重要性，并同时解决矿山废物堆和矿山排水的表面和地下污染。
Heavy metal contamination of surface waters at mining sites often involves complex interactions of multiple sources and varying biogeochemical conditions. We compared surface and subsurface metal loading from mine waste pile runoff and mine drainage discharge and characterized the influence of iron oxides on metal fate along a 0.9-km stretch of Tar Creek (Oklahoma, USA), which drains an abandoned Zn/Pb mining area. The importance of each source varied by metal: mine waste pile runoff contributed 70% of Cd, while mine drainage contributed 90% of Pb, and both sources contributed similarly to Zn loading. Subsurface inputs accounted for 40% of flow and 40-70% of metal loading along this stretch. Streambed iron oxide aggregate material contained highly elevated Zn (up to 27,000 μg g−1), Pb (up to 550 μg g−1) and Cd (up to 200 μg g−1) and was characterized as a heterogeneous mixture of iron oxides, fine-grain mine waste, and organic material. Sequential extractions confirmed preferential sequestration of Pb by iron oxides, as well as substantial concentrations of Zn and Cd in iron oxide fractions, with additional accumulation of Zn, Pb, and Cd during downstream transport. Comparisons with historical data show that while metal concentrations in mine drainage have decreased by more than an order of magnitude in recent decades, the chemical composition of mine waste pile runoff has remained relatively constant, indicating less attenuation and increased relative importance of pile runoff. These results highlight the importance of monitoring temporal changes at contaminated sites associated with evolving speciation and simultaneously addressing surface and subsurface contamination from both mine waste piles and mine drainage.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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