Gaussian processes for glitch-robust gravitational-wave astronomy
Gaussian processes for glitch-robust gravitational-wave astronomy
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DOI：
10.1093/mnras/stad341
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发表时间：
2023-02-14
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Ashton, Gregory
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashton, Gregory
干涉引力波天文台开创了天文学的新纪元。一个国际网络产生的丰富数据使人们能够详细分析黑洞周围的弯曲时空。到目前为止，已经观测到近100个信号，预计在未来十年内将有数千个信号，它们的种群特性使我们能够深入了解恒星演化和宇宙的膨胀。然而，检测器受到被称为“毛刺”的瞬态噪声伪影的困扰，这些噪声伪影污染信号和偏差推断。在迄今为止检测到的90个信号中，有18个受到干扰。这项可行性研究探索了一种使用高斯过程进行瞬态引力波数据分析的新方法，该方法模拟了故障产生机制的基本物理学，而不是故障本身的明确实现。我们证明，如果高斯过程核函数可以充分模拟毛刺形态，我们可以恢复模拟信号的参数。此外，我们发现，在这项工作中使用的高斯过程内核非常适合建模的长时间毛刺，这是最具挑战性的现有毛刺缓解方法。最后，我们展示了我们的方法的时域性质如何使一类新的广义相对论的时域测试，进行重新分析的第一个观察到的二元黑洞合并的inspiral-merger-ringdown测试。我们的调查表明，高斯过程作为替代传统框架的可行性，但尚未建立它们作为替代品。因此，我们最后展望了实现高斯过程方法的全部潜力所需的步骤。
Interferometric gravitational-wave observatories have opened a new era in astronomy. The rich data produced by an international network enable detailed analysis of the curved space-time around black holes. With nearly 100 signals observed so far and thousands expected in the next decade, their population properties enable insights into stellar evolution and the expansion of our Universe. However, the detectors are afflicted by transient noise artefacts known as 'glitches' which contaminate the signals and bias inferences. Of the 90 signals detected to date, 18 were contaminated by glitches. This feasibility study explores a new approach to transient gravitational-wave data analysis using Gaussian processes, which model the underlying physics of the glitch-generating mechanism rather than the explicit realization of the glitch itself. We demonstrate that if the Gaussian process kernel function can adequately model the glitch morphology, we can recover the parameters of simulated signals. Moreover, we find that the Gaussian processes kernels used in this work are well suited to modelling long-duration glitches which are most challenging for existing glitch-mitigation approaches. Finally, we show how the time-domain nature of our approach enables a new class of time-domain tests of General Relativity, performing a re-analysis of the inspiral-merger-ringdown test on the first observed binary black hole merger. Our investigation demonstrates the feasibility of the Gaussian processes as an alternative to the traditional framework but does not yet establish them as a replacement. Therefore, we conclude with an outlook on the steps needed to realize the full potential of the Gaussian process approach.