Effects of clonidine and diazepam on the acoustic startle response and on its inhibition by 'prepulses' in man
Effects of clonidine and diazepam on the acoustic startle response and on its inhibition by 'prepulses' in man
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DOI：
10.1177/026988119701100110
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Szabadi, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abduljawad, KAJ;Langley, RW;Szabadi, E
本实验检测了两种镇静/抗焦虑药物安定和可乐定对健康志愿者的惊吓反应中眨眼成分的影响。12名男性(18-30岁)，按平衡双盲方案，参加了三次口服安慰剂、安定10毫克和可乐定200毫克的治疗。分别在服用可乐定120分钟和安定60分钟后记录右眼眼轮匝肌肌电。受试者收到36个40毫秒的声音脉冲(115分贝)，由不同的间隔(平均25秒)分开；在24个试验中，脉冲之前有40毫秒的预脉冲(12个试验中75分贝，12个试验中85分贝；预脉冲-脉冲间隔，120毫秒)。安定(平均+/-扫描电子显微镜：-43.9+/-7.4%)和可乐定(-75.7+/-4.7%)均显著降低惊厥反应的幅度。在安慰剂条件下，75和85分贝预脉冲对惊厥反应的抑制率分别为38.6+/-6.5和70.3+/-2.9%。两种药物都没有显著改变脉冲前抑制的程度。这两种药物都降低了自我评估的警觉性；可乐定降低了收缩压和流口水。这些结果证实了可乐定对惊厥反应的抑制作用，并显示出与安定的定性相似的作用；结果还表明，脉冲前抑制惊厥反应对足以减弱惊厥反应本身的镇静药物剂量不敏感。
This experiment examined the effects of two sedative/anxiolytic drugs, diazepam and clonidine, on the eyeblink component of the acoustic startle response in healthy volunteers. Twelve males (18-30 years), screened for normal hearing thresholds, participated in three sessions in which they received oral doses of placebo, diazepam 10 mg and clonidine 200 mu g according to a balanced double-blind protocol. Thirty-minute electromyographic recordings from the orbicularis oculi muscle of the right eye were carried out 120 min after ingestion of clonidine and 60 min after ingestion of diazepam. Subjects received 36 40-msec sound pulses (115 dB), separated by variable intervals (mean 25 sec); in 24 of the trials the pulse was preceded by a 40-msec prepulse (75 dB in 12 trials and 85 dB in 12 trials; prepulse-pulse interval, 120 msec). The amplitude of the startle response was significantly reduced both by diazepam (mean +/- SEM: -43.9 +/- 7.4%)and by clonidine (-75.7 +/- 4.7%). Under the placebo condition, the 75 and 85 dB prepulses inhibited the startle response by 38.6 +/- 6.5 and 70.3 +/- 2.9%, respectively. Neither drug significantly altered the degree of prepulse inhibition. Both drugs reduced self-rated alertness; clonidine reduced systolic blood pressure and salivation. The results confirm the suppressant effect of clonidine on the startle response and show a qualitatively similar effect of diazepam; the results also demonstrate the insensitivity of prepulse inhibition of the startle response to doses of sedative drugs that are sufficient to attenuate the startle response itself.