Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery
Different Olfactory Percepts Evoked by Orthonasal and Retronasal Odorant Delivery
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjy043
复制
发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Simons, Christopher T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hannum, Mackenzie;Stegman, Margaret A.;Simons, Christopher T.
嗅觉的双重性假说表明，尽管激活了嗅觉上皮中相同的受体，但与鼻后传递的气味剂相比，鼻正传递的气味剂引起不同的感觉。目前，我们进一步研究了这一点，使用匹配的范式从气味或语义记忆偏见。要求受试者评估在一种条件下（鼻前或鼻后递送）递送的香气，并匹配在相同或不同递送条件下评估的来自4个未知物的相同香气。小组成员在4种递送条件下匹配风味剂：正鼻-正鼻、后鼻-后鼻、后鼻-正鼻和正鼻-后鼻。对于鼻前呈现，小组成员使用他们的鼻孔闻样品，并且对于鼻后呈现，小组成员吞咽水性调味剂。在实验1中，指导小组成员匹配熟悉的风味（香蕉、葡萄、橙子、乌藨子）。在实验2和3中，小组成员使用相同的实验设计，使用4种不熟悉的风味（金桔、龙眼、木瓜、李子）或4种不同的草莓风味亚型（木本、绿色、成熟、糖果）。在实验1中，在每种条件下的正确匹配的数量没有显着差异，这表明在整个交付路线的感知结构的稳定性。然而，在实验2和3中，与后鼻-正鼻或正鼻-后鼻条件相比，在正鼻-正鼻和后鼻-后鼻条件下显著更多的样品被正确匹配，这表明香气感知依赖于递送途径。此外，在4种递送方法中，正确匹配风味的能力随着风味熟悉度的降低或相似性的增加而降低，并且可能反映了受试者在匹配这些刺激时采用的不同认知策略。我们的研究结果表明，气味感知是路径依赖的，并符合对偶现象。
The Duality of Smell hypothesis suggests odorants delivered orthonasally elicit different sensations compared with those delivered retronasally despite activating the same receptors in the olfactory epithelium. Presently, we investigated this further using a matching paradigm free from odorant or semantic memory bias. Subjects were asked to evaluate an aroma delivered in one condition (orthonasal or retronasal delivery) and match the same aroma from 4 unknowns evaluated in the same or different delivery conditions. Panelists matched flavors in 4 delivery conditions: orthonasal- orthonasal, retronasal-retronasal, retronasal-orthonasal, and orthonasal-retronasal. For orthonasal presentation, panelists smelled samples using their nostrils, and for retronasal presentation, panelists swallowed aqueous flavors. In Experiment 1, panelists were instructed to match familiar flavors (banana, grape, orange, raspberry). In Experiments 2 and 3, panelists used the same experimental design with either 4 unfamiliar flavors (kinnow, longan, pawpaw, prunus) or 4 distinct subtypes of a strawberry flavor (woody, green, ripe, candy). In Experiment 1, the number of correct matches in each condition did not significantly differ suggesting stability in the perceptual construct across delivery routes. However, in Experiments 2 and 3, significantly more samples were correctly matched in the orthonasal-orthonasal and retronasal-retronasal conditions compared with the retronasal-orthonasal or orthonasal-retronasal conditions suggesting aroma perception is dependent on delivery route. Additionally, across the 4 delivery methods, the ability to correctly match flavors decreased as flavor familiarity decreased or similarity increased and may reflect the different cognitive strategies employed by subjects when matching these stimuli. Our results suggest odorant percepts are route-dependent and consistent with the Duality of Smell phenomenon.