ON THE FINE-STRUCTURE OF YAW TORQUE IN VISUAL FLIGHT ORIENTATION OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
ON THE FINE-STRUCTURE OF YAW TORQUE IN VISUAL FLIGHT ORIENTATION OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00611046
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
WOLF, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEISENBERG, M;WOLF, R
在许多情况下，果蝇在扭矩计处静止飞行时的偏航扭矩波动代表了有意义的行为模式。在围绕果蝇旋转的闭环情况下，S垂直轴果蝇通过调整其视觉运动平衡来稳定任何全景。一种可能是一体化的方向运动灵敏飞行控制机构。在这种与环境和谐的状态下，果蝇经常通过身体跳跃的方式进行主动旋转。这些被记录为扭矩尖峰。sbd。具有典型大小和时间进程的基本运动模式。它们的极性和频率依赖于视觉刺激。在扭矩尖峰期间，苍蝇对环境相对位移引起的视觉刺激没有反应；然而，相反方向的人工位移引起了快速而有力的转弯反应。这归因于扭矩峰运动模式的方向选择性传出复制，它抑制了传入视觉输入。传出拷贝还缓解了视觉系统的某些抑制相互作用，而在较大的苍蝇中，这种相互作用提供了图形-背景辨别。通过传出复制，消除了苍蝇对小图案前进和倒退运动的S反应的不对称性。这样的信息处理步骤在身体扫视期间可能是次要的。果蝇的视动平衡是定向飞行的基础。在只有一条垂直黑色条纹的闭环实验中，苍蝇只花了一部分时间将条纹保持在飞行方向(固定)。更常见的情况是，它将条纹稳定在其他位置(非固定)。果蝇对物体位置的扭矩反应似乎是集中控制的。描述了苍蝇倾向于固定(反固定)或不固定的各种情况。
Yaw torque fluctuations of Drosophila in stationary flight at the torque meter in many cases represent meaningful behavior patterns. In the closed loop situation for rotations around the fly''s vertical axis Drosophila stabilizes any panorama by adjusting its optomotor balance.sbd.a presumably integrative directionally movement sensitive flight control mechanism. In this state of harmony with the environment Drosophila often performs active turns by means of body-saccades. These were recorded as torque spikes.sbd.an elementary motor pattern of typical size and time course. Their polarity and frequency were dependent upon visual stimulation. During a torque spike the fly did not respond to the visual stimulation caused by the relative displacement of the environment; an artificial displacement in the opposite direction, however, caused a fast vigorous turning response. This was attributed to a directionally selective efference copy of the torque spike motor pattern which suppressed the reafferent visual input. The efference copy also relieved the visual system from certain inhibitory interactions, which in larger flies had provided figure-ground discrimination. The asymmetry in the fly''s response to progressive and to regressive movement of small patterns was eliminated by the efference copy. Such information processing steps may be of minor importance during body-saccades. Optomotor balance in Drosophila is the basis of oriented flight. In closed loop experiments with one vertical black stripe the fly spends only part of its time keeping the stripe in its direction of flight (fixation). More often it stablized the stripe in other positions (non-fixation). Torque responses to the position of objects in Drosophila appeared to be centrally controlled. Various situations in which the fly favored fixation (anti-fixation) or non-fixation were described.