Impact of co-administration of oxycodone and smoked cannabis on analgesia and abuse liability
Impact of co-administration of oxycodone and smoked cannabis on analgesia and abuse liability
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DOI：
10.1038/s41386-018-0011-2
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Haney, Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cooper, Ziva D.;Bedi, Gillinder;Haney, Margaret
大麻素与阿片类药物联合产生协同抗伤害作用，降低实验动物中阿片类药物的最低有效抗伤害剂量（即阿片类药物节约效应）。尽管疼痛患者报告大麻与阿片类药物一起使用时镇痛效果更好，但没有安慰剂对照研究评估阿片类药物与大麻联合使用对人类的直接影响或组合对滥用倾向的影响。这项双盲、安慰剂对照、受试者内研究使用经过验证的疼痛实验模型及其对滥用倾向的影响，确定大麻是否增强低剂量羟考酮的镇痛效果。健康大麻吸烟者 (N = 18) 接受羟考酮（0、2.5 和 5.0 毫克，口服）和吸食大麻（0.0、5.6% Delta(9) 四氢大麻酚 [THC]）的治疗，并使用冷加压试验 (CPT) 评估镇痛效果。参与者将手浸入冷水（4摄氏度）中；记录报告疼痛（疼痛阈值）和将手从水中收回（疼痛耐受性）的时间。测量了与滥用相关的影响，并确定了羟考酮对大麻自我给药的影响。单独使用 5.0 mg 羟考酮可增加疼痛阈值和耐受性（p
Cannabinoids combined with opioids produce synergistic antinociceptive effects, decreasing the lowest effective antinociceptive opioid dose (i.e., opioid-sparing effects) in laboratory animals. Although pain patients report greater analgesia when cannabis is used with opioids, no placebo-controlled studies have assessed the direct effects of opioids combined with cannabis in humans or the impact of the combination on abuse liability. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject study determined if cannabis enhances the analgesic effects of low dose oxycodone using a validated experimental model of pain and its effects on abuse liability. Healthy cannabis smokers (N = 18) were administered oxycodone (0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg, PO) with smoked cannabis (0.0, 5.6% Delta(9) tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) and analgesia was assessed using the Cold-Pressor Test (CPT). Participants immersed their hand in cold water (4 degrees C); times to report pain (pain threshold) and withdraw the hand from the water (pain tolerance) were recorded. Abuse-related effects were measured and effects of oxycodone on cannabis self-administration were determined. Alone, 5.0 mg oxycodone increased pain threshold and tolerance (p