Generational Differences in Work Values: Leisure and Extrinsic Values Increasing, Social and Intrinsic Values Decreasing
Generational Differences in Work Values: Leisure and Extrinsic Values Increasing, Social and Intrinsic Values Decreasing
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DOI：
10.1177/0149206309352246
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Lance, Charles E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Twenge, Jean M.;Campbell, Stacy M.;Lance, Charles E.
各组织目前面临着许多老年员工退休以及招聘和留住年轻人才的挑战。然而，很少有研究经验性地证实工作价值观的代际差异。这项研究考察了1976、1991和2006年(N=16,507)具有全国代表性的美国高中生的工作价值观，他们分别代表婴儿潮一代、X世代(GenX)和我世代(GenMe，也称为GenY或千禧一代)。通过收集不同时间的数据，这些分析将代际差异与年龄差异分开，而不像一次性研究那样，无法将两者分开。休闲价值在几代人中稳步增长(d比较婴儿潮一代和GenMe=0.57)，工作中心性下降。外在价值(如地位、金钱)在GenX中达到顶峰，但GenMe中仍高于婴儿潮一代(d=0.26)。与流行的媒体报道相反，GenMe并不比前几代人更青睐利他主义的工作价值观(例如，帮助、社会价值)。与婴儿潮一代相比，GenMe对社会价值(如交友)和内在价值(如一份有趣的、注重结果的工作)的评价较低。这些发现对新兴劳动力的招聘和管理具有实际意义。
Organizations are currently facing the retirement of many older workers and the challenge of recruiting and retaining young talent. However, few studies have empirically substantiated generational differences in work values. This study examines the work values of a nationally representative sample of U. S. high school seniors in 1976, 1991, and 2006 (N = 16,507) representing Baby Boomers, Generation X (GenX), and Generation Me (GenMe, also known as GenY, or Millennials). With data collected across time, these analyses isolate generational differences from age differences, unlike one-time studies, which cannot separate the two. Leisure values increased steadily over the generations (d comparing Boomers and GenMe = .57), and work centrality declined. Extrinsic values (e. g., status, money) peaked with GenX but were still higher among GenMe than among Boomers (d = .26). Contrary to popular press reports, GenMe does not favor altruistic work values (e. g., helping, societal worth) more than previous generations. Social values (e. g., making friends) and intrinsic values (e. g., an interesting, results-oriented job) were rated lower by GenMe than by Boomers. These findings have practical implications for the recruitment and management of the emerging workforce.