Gender, ethnicity and entrepreneurship in initial public offerings: illustrations from an open database* ☆
Gender, ethnicity and entrepreneurship in initial public offerings: illustrations from an open database* ☆
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首次公开募股中的性别、种族和创业精神：来自开放数据库的插图* ☆
DOI：
10.1016/j.respol.2015.01.003
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
D. Patton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Kenney;D. Patton
本文描述了一个免费提供的数据库中的所有新兴成长型公司（EGF），首次公开募股（IPO）在美国公开市场从1990年到2010年的变量。我们的期望是，来自不同学科的研究人员可以使用这些数据来回答各种各样的社会科学问题，并将其与其他数据库联合收割机结合起来。为了说明如何使用这些数据，我们描述了这些公司的高层管理团队（TMT）和董事会（BoD）的性别和国籍。我们证实，女性在所有职能职位上的代表性都不足，但是，与大多数流行媒体相反，我们发现，从统计数据来看，硅谷公司的表现优于全国平均水平。性别比例因职能而异，女性在首席财务官职位上最多，在生物医学行业最多。使用本科教育，作为一个标识符的国籍，我们发现，相反的流行媒体，有更多的欧洲比亚洲移民在TMT。这表明，欧洲移民更有可能移民与高级学位，而亚洲移民只有学士学位。在移民文献中，人们注意到特定的移民群体集中在特定的职业中。为了检验这种效应，我们研究了所有可识别的台湾移民的背景。台湾TMT成员中有相当多的人来自台湾两所大学的电气工程系，然后获得美国研究生学位，特别是加州大学伯克利分校的研究生学位，并进入了与电机相关的行业。该数据库将有助于社会科学的可重复性，因为所有研究人员现在都可以获得相同的质量控制数据。
This paper describes the variables in a freely available database of all emerging growth firms (EGF) that made an initial stock offering (IPO) on US public markets from 1990 through 2010. Our expectation is that researchers from a variety of disciplines can use this data to answer a wide variety of social science questions and combine it with other databases. To illustrate how the data can be used, we describe the gender and nationality of the top management teams (TMTs) and board of directors (BoDs) of these firms. We confirm that women are under-represented in all functional positions, but, in contrast to much of the popular press, we find that statistically Silicon Valley firms perform better than the national average. Gender ratios differ by function with women most prevalent at the CFO position and are most prevalent in the biomedical industry. Using undergraduate education, as an identifier for nationality, we find that, contrary to the popular press, there are more European than Asian immigrants in the TMTs. This suggests that European immigrants are more likely to immigrate with advanced degrees, while the Asian immigrants have only Bachelor’s degrees. In the immigration literature, it has been observed that specific immigrant groups concentrate in particular occupations. To test for this effect, we study the backgrounds of all identifiable Taiwanese immigrants. A remarkably high concentration of Taiwanese TMT members were from two Taiwanese universities’ electrical engineering departments, then received U.S. graduate degrees, particularly from UC Berkeley, and entered semiconductor-related industries. This database will contribute to reproducible social science as the same quality-controlled data is now available to all researchers.