SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP OF DAIRY COWS IN A FEED LOT
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP OF DAIRY COWS IN A FEED LOT
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DOI：
10.1163/156853967x00118
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发表时间：
1967-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
WIECKERT, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DICKSON, DP;BARR, GR;WIECKERT, DA
选取24头荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为2组，连续5 d， 8 h。每一天。各组在1个月后进行第二个5天的观察。三位观察员记录了牛群的社会互动。对每头奶牛的体型、产奶量、摄食和排泄行为以及奴役行为进行了统计。激动行为分为以下几类：接触，狩猎，强力，非强力和推。从观察到的3,473场比赛中，通过最小二乘程序计算了5个类别中每个类别的优势值。一种社会秩序是在群体内部建立起来的，结合了所有类别的所有观察结果。优势值的可重复性估计为。在同一个星期里，一天又一天，而且。在不同的星期日复一日。偏相关系数计算表明，优势值与体重的关系最大。优势值与产奶量之间似乎没有相关性。数据表明，在一个已建立的奶牛群中，至少存在3种社会结构，一种挤奶秩序，一种领导-追随者模式，一种统治等级在一段时间内似乎保持稳定。如果给动物足够的机会进行社会接触，一天的观察就可以确定这种社会秩序。
Twenty-four Holstein cows, divided into 2 equal groups, were observed in a feed lot for 5 consecutive days, 8 hr. each day. Each group was observed for a 2nd 5-day period approximately 1 month later. Three observers recorded the social interactions of the cows in the lot. Size, milk production, ingestive and eliminative behavior, and acts of servitude were tabulated for each cow. Agonistic behavior was recorded in the following categories; contact, bunting, forceful, nonforceful, and pushing. From the 3,473 contests observed, dominance values were computed by a least-squares procedure for each of the 5 categories. A social order was established within groups, combining all observations in all categories. Estimates of repeatability for dominance value were .97 from day to day in the same week, and .95 from day to day in different weeks. Partial correlation coefficient calculated indicated the highest relationship observed was between dominance value and weight. There appeared to be no correlation between dominance value and milk production. The data indicated the existence of at least 3 social structures within an established herd of dairy cattle, a milking order, a leadership-followership pattern, and a dominance hierarchy appeared to remain stable over a period of time. If animals are given sufficient opportunity for social contact, 1 day''s observations can determine this social order.