To die or not to die - An overview of apoptosis and its role in disease
To die or not to die - An overview of apoptosis and its role in disease
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.279.4.300
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发表时间：
1998-01-28
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Hetts, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hetts, SW
人类和其他多细胞生物组织中的细胞死亡既不总是异常的，也不总是有害的。虽然坏死发生在大量细胞损伤的部位，但体内大多数细胞是通过一种更微妙的、非炎症性的、能量依赖性的细胞死亡形式（称为细胞凋亡）而死亡的。组织中细胞的数量由新细胞的增殖和衰老细胞的死亡之间的稳态平衡决定;增殖和凋亡的速率在组织与组织之间变化很大。最近对细胞凋亡分子机制的研究表明，细胞凋亡是一个遗传程序化的过程，当细胞凋亡机制的组成部分发生突变或以不适当的数量存在时，细胞凋亡可能会变得紊乱。细胞凋亡的失调与多种疾病的发病机制有关：癌症、神经变性、自身免疫、心脏病和其他疾病。参与细胞凋亡的调控和执行的基因产物是疾病过程中诊断和治疗干预的潜在极好靶点，并且它们为广泛疾病的治愈和治疗提供了新的希望。
The death of cells in tissues of humans and other multicellular organisms is neither always abnormal nor always detrimental. Although necrosis ensues at the sites of massive cellular injury, most cells in the body die through a more subtle, noninflammatory, energy-dependent form of cell death called apoptosis. The number of cells in tissues is determined by the homeostatic balance between proliferation of new cells and death of senescent cells; the rates of proliferation and apoptosis vary widely from tissue to tissue. Recent reseal ch into the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis has revealed that apoptosis is a genetically programmed process that can become deranged when the components of the cellular apoptotic machinery are mutated or present in inappropriate quantities. Dysregulation of apoptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of a wide array of diseases: cancer, neurodegeneration, autoimmunity, heart disease, and other disorders. Products of genes involved in the regulation and execution of apoptosis are potentially excellent targets for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in disease processes, and they offer renewed hope for cures and treatments for a wide array of maladies.