Childhood Trauma and Personal Mastery: Their Influence on Emotional Reactivity to Everyday Events in a Community Sample of Middle-Aged Adults
Childhood Trauma and Personal Mastery: Their Influence on Emotional Reactivity to Everyday Events in a Community Sample of Middle-Aged Adults
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0121840
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发表时间：
2015-04-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zautra, Alex J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Infurna, Frank J.;Rivers, Crystal T.;Zautra, Alex J.
童年创伤与中年和老年的健康过早下降有关。已被牵连但研究较少的途径包括社会情绪调节、生物编程以及思维和行动的习惯性模式。在这项研究中，我们重点研究了童年创伤通过改变社会情绪调节对日常生活事件的影响，这一途径已经与随后的健康影响联系在一起。本研究利用社区居民(n=191，M-年龄=54，SD=7.50，54%女性)30天的日常日记中的数据来检验童年创伤的自我报告是否与日常幸福感，以及对日常消极和积极事件的报告和情绪反应有关。儿童创伤报告与报告较低的总体水平和较大的日常幸福感变异性有关。童年创伤与日常负面事件的更多报道有关，但与积极事件无关。关注于对日常事件的情绪反应，报告童年创伤水平较高的居民在经历负面事件时幸福感下降更明显，在经历积极事件时幸福感也有更强的增长。对于那些报告童年创伤的人来说，掌握程度越高，负面事件带来的幸福感下降越明显，积极事件带来的幸福感增加越明显，这表明掌握能力会增加人们对日常消极和积极事件的敏感度。我们的结果表明，童年创伤可能会通过扰乱日常生活事件的模式和对这些事件的反应，导致中年健康状况变差。此外，我们的发现表明，对于那些经历过童年创伤的人来说，掌握可能具有不同的意义。我们讨论了将社会情绪调节作为将儿童创伤与健康联系起来的一条途径，以及在建立促进复原力的干预措施以减轻儿童创伤对健康的有害影响时需要考虑的心理社会资源。
Childhood trauma is associated with premature declines in health in midlife and old age. Pathways that have been implicated, but less studied include social-emotional regulation, biological programming, and habitual patterns of thought and action. In this study we focused on childhood trauma's influence via alterations in social-emotional regulation to everyday life events, a pathway that has been linked to subsequent health effects. Data from a 30-day daily diary of community residents who participated in a study of resilience in Midlife (n = 191, M-age = 54, SD = 7.50, 54% women) was used to examine whether self-reports of childhood trauma were associated with daily well-being, as well as reported and emotional reactivity to daily negative and positive events. Childhood trauma reports were associated with reporting lower overall levels of and greater variability in daily well-being. Childhood trauma was linked to greater reports of daily negative events, but not to positive events. Focusing on emotional reactivity to daily events, residents who reported higher levels of childhood trauma showed stronger decreases in well-being when experiencing negative events and also stronger increases in well-being with positive events. For those reporting childhood trauma, higher levels of mastery were associated with stronger decreases in well-being with negative events and stronger increases in well-being with positive events, suggesting that mastery increases sensitivity to daily negative and positive events. Our results suggest that childhood trauma may lead to poorer health in midlife through disturbances in the patterns of everyday life events and responses to those events. Further, our findings indicate that mastery may have a different meaning for those who experienced childhood trauma. We discuss social-emotional regulation as one pathway linking childhood trauma to health, and psychosocial resources to consider when building resilience-promoting interventions for mitigating the detrimental health effects of childhood trauma.