In osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis.
In osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis.
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DOI：
10.4067/s0716-97602012000300009
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Rodríguez JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pino AM;Rosen CJ;Rodríguez JP
骨组织的形成、维持和修复涉及骨髓中两种干细胞之间的密切联系：产生破骨细胞的造血干细胞和产生成骨细胞的间充质基质细胞（MSCs）。在这篇综述中，我们认为MSCs的功能失调是骨质疏松症的必要因素。在骨质疏松症中，破骨细胞生成增加和成骨细胞生成不足导致骨脆性增加和骨折易感性增加。在其他细胞类型中，间充质干细胞是成骨细胞和脂肪细胞的常见前体。msc对成骨细胞或脂肪细胞谱系的承诺取决于合适的调节因子激活谱系特异性转录调节因子。在骨质疏松症中，两种分化途径之间的相互平衡被改变，以牺牲成骨细胞的形成为代价，促进骨髓中脂肪的增加；提示在这种情况下，MSCs的活性及其微环境可能受到干扰。本文综述了绝经后骨质疏松症和对照组妇女骨髓间充质干细胞特性的研究进展。我们的观察表明，骨髓间充质干细胞的固有特性在骨质疏松症中受到干扰。此外，我们发现对照组和骨质疏松症患者骨髓液的调节条件有显著差异。这些结论应该与MSCs在治疗应用中的应用相关。
The formation, maintenance, and repair of bone tissue involve close interlink between two stem cell types housed in the bone marrow: the hematologic stem cell originating osteoclasts and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) generating osteoblasts. In this review, we consider malfunctioning of MSCs as essential for osteoporosis. In osteoporosis increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures result from increased osteoclastogenesis and insufficient osteoblastogenesis. MSCs are the common precursors for both osteoblasts and adipocytes, among other cell types. MSCs´ commitment towards either the osteoblast or adipocyte lineages depends on suitable regulatory factors activating lineage-specific transcriptional regulators. In osteoporosis, the reciprocal balance between the two differentiation pathways is altered, facilitating adipose accretion in bone marrow at the expense of osteoblast formation; suggesting that under this condition MSCs´ activities and their microenvironment may be disturbed. We summarize research on the properties of MSCs isolated from the bone marrow of control and osteoporotic post-menopausal women. Our observations indicate that intrinsic properties of MSCs are disturbed in osteoporosis. Moreover, we found out that the regulatory conditions in the bone marrow fluid of control and osteoporotic patients are significantly different. These conclusions should be relevant for the use of MSCs in therapeutic applications.