Conversion of neural plate explants to pre-placodal ectoderm-like tissue in vitro
Conversion of neural plate explants to pre-placodal ectoderm-like tissue in vitro
复制标题
神经板外植体体外转化为前基板外胚层样组织
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.139
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Okabe M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shigetani Y;Wakamatsu Y;Tachibana T;Okabe M
神经嵴和颅感觉基板起源于位于神经板和非神经外胚层（神经边界）之间的外胚层上皮。BMP信号传导对于神经边界的诱导和随后在神经边界内神经嵴的诱导都是重要的。相比之下，FGF信号传导对于神经边界诱导和随后的前基板外胚层（PPE）的诱导是重要的，其随后产生颅感觉基板。虽然先前的研究已经证明，神经板外植体可以通过在培养基中加入BMP 4转化为神经嵴细胞，但没有报道显示神经板向PPE的类似转化。因此，我们研究了FGF 2沿着BMP 4对吻侧神经板外植体的作用，发现外植体变成简单的鳞状上皮，其特征在于相邻细胞膜中的桥粒/张力丝。这种上皮细胞表达神经边界标记物和PPE基因，表明神经板外植体转化为PPE样组织。这种方法将有助于进一步研究PPE诱导机制和随后的颅基板规格。
Neural crest and cranial sensory placodes arise from ectodermal epithelium lying between the neural plate and non-neural ectoderm (neural border). BMP signaling is important for both an induction of the neural border and a subsequent induction of the neural crest within the neural border. In contrast, FGF signaling is important for the neural border induction and the following induction of the pre-placodal ectoderm (PPE), which later gives rise to the cranial sensory placodes. While previous studies have demonstrated that the neural plate explants could be converted to the neural crest cells by adding BMP4 in a culture medium, there is no report showing a similar conversion of the neural plate to the PPE. We therefore examined the effect of FGF2 along with BMP4 on the rostral neural plate explants and found that the explants became the simple squamous epithelia, which were characterized by the desmosomes/tonofilaments in membranes of adjacent cells. Such epithelia expressed sets of neural border markers and the PPE genes, suggesting that the neural plate explants were converted to a PPE-like tissue. This method will be useful for further studying mechanisms of PPE induction and subsequent specifications of the cranial placodes.