The Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL): Sounding the Atmosphere at 80º North
The Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL): Sounding the Atmosphere at 80º North
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极地环境大气研究实验室 (PEARL)：探测北纬 80° 处的大气
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Drummond
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Fogal;L. M. Leblanc;J. Drummond
由于该地区地处偏远，运输困难，通信不稳定，以及极端的环境条件，在高北极地区进行M大气测量具有挑战性。2003年，在加拿大环境部北极平流层臭氧观测站关闭之后，由大学和政府科学家组成的加拿大大气变化探测网确定，建立北极高纬度观测站是改进北极加拿大部分研究测量工作的一项高度优先需要。在选址和获取所需资金方面做出了巨大努力，随着2007 - 2008年国际极地年（IPY）的规划，这项活动变得更加紧迫。高纬度北极观测站将直接响应国际极地年的意图，不仅要在整个国际极地年的时间范围内进行密集测量，而且要“留下观测地点、设施和系统的遗产，以支持正在进行的极地研究和监测”（国际科学理事会，2004：10）。在对备选地点进行了一些考虑之后，CANDAC决定将活动集中在尤里卡（北纬80度，西经86度，见图1）。研究地点被指定为极地环境大气研究实验室（PEARL），CANDAC开始寻求设备和运营资金。PEARL于2005年正式开始运营，支持三大领域的研究：空气质量，臭氧和气候变化。后来的经验充分证明了该地点的适当性，而且在选址时并不明显的几个优点证实了尤里卡是北极高纬度加拿大部分进行大气（现在是其他）测量的一个独特的合适地点。
M ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS in the High Arctic is challenging because of the remoteness of the area, the difficult transportation, the inconsistent communications, and the extreme environmental conditions. In 2003, after the Environment Canada (EC) Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Observatory (AStrO) closed, the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC), a group of university and government scientists, identified a High Arctic observatory as a high-priority need to improve research measurements over the Canadian portion of the Arctic. Significant effort was given to selecting a site and acquiring the required funding to populate it. This activity gained fresh urgency with the planning of the International Polar Year (IPY) in 2007 – 08. A High Arctic observatory would directly respond to the IPY intention not only to make intensive measurements throughout the IPY time frame, but also to “leave a legacy of observing sites, facilities and systems to support ongoing polar research and monitoring” (ICSU, 2004:10). After some consideration of alternative sites, CANDAC decided to concentrate activities at Eureka (80 ̊ N, 86 ̊ W, see Fig. 1). The research site was designated the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL), and CANDAC began to seek funding for equipment and operations. PEARL, which formally began operations in 2005, supports research in three broad areas: air quality, ozone, and climate change. Subsequent experience has amply demonstrated the appropriateness of the site, and several advantages that were not apparent at the time of site selection affirm Eureka as a uniquely suitable location for atmospheric (and now other) measurements in the Canadian sector of the High Arctic.