Keeping firearms from drug and alcohol abusers
Keeping firearms from drug and alcohol abusers
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防止吸毒和酗酒者持有枪支
DOI：
10.1136/ip.2009.023515
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
J. Vernick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Webster;J. Vernick
2006年，美国有16 883宗自杀案和12 791宗凶杀案使用枪械。1美国枪械政策最常见和可能争议最少的目的之一，是防止被认为有较高风险伤害他人或自己的人使用枪械。美国的枪支法通常会取消以下个人的资格：年龄太小，被判犯有严重罪行，受到某些家庭暴力限制令的约束，被判定为“精神缺陷”，或者因为他们滥用非法药物或酒精。
在这里，我们讨论了精心设计的枪支禁令的潜力，为滥用酒精或受管制物质的人，以减少暴力和伤害。大量科学证据表明，滥用酒精或非法药物的人更有可能犯下暴力行为和自我伤害。吸毒和酗酒与致命和非致命的家庭暴力、2 3 4 5 6青年暴力、7 8因暴力犯罪而被监禁、9以及自杀和自杀未遂密切相关。4 10尽管对这些关联是因果关系还是其他潜在决定因素引起的存在一些争论，但吸毒和酗酒者无疑是一个高风险群体。例如，在一项关于家庭内杀人和自杀风险因素的病例对照研究中，杀人犯中先前酗酒和使用非法药物的流行率分别比对照组高17倍和4.6倍。对于自杀受害者，酗酒的流行率比对照组高出近7倍，非法药物使用的流行率高出6倍。
关于普通民众拥有枪支的风险和好处，一直存在着长期而有争议的辩论。当我们...
Firearms were used to commit 16 883 suicides and 12 791 homicides in the USA in 2006.1 One of the most common and possibly least controversial objectives of firearm policies in the USA is to keep firearms from people deemed to be at elevated risk of injuring others or themselves. Firearms laws in the USA commonly disqualify individuals if they are too young, have been convicted of a serious crime, are subject to certain domestic violence restraining orders, have been adjudicated to be “mentally defective,” or because they abuse illegal drugs or alcohol.
Here we discuss the potential of well-crafted firearms prohibitions for persons who abuse alcohol or controlled substances to reduce violence and injuries. There is a large body of scientific evidence indicating that people who abuse alcohol or illicit drugs are at increased risk of committing acts of violence and self-harm. Drug and alcohol abuse has been strongly linked with the perpetration of fatal and non-fatal domestic violence,2 3 4 5 6 youth violence,7 8 incarceration for violent crimes,9 and suicide and suicide attempts.4 10 Although there is some debate about whether these associations are causal or are due to other underlying determinants, there is little doubt that drug and alcohol abusers represent a high-risk group. For example, in one case–control study of risk factors for homicides and suicides within the home, the prevalence of prior alcohol abuse and illicit drug use among homicide perpetrators was 17 and 4.6 times higher, respectively, than among controls. For suicide victims, the prevalence of alcohol abuse was nearly 7 times higher, and the prevalence of illicit drug use 6 times higher, than for controls.4
There has been a long and contentious debate about the risks and benefits associated with gun ownership among the general population. While we …
酒精在亲密伴侣杀害女性中的作用。
DOI：
10.1080/105504901750227787
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
The American journal on addictions
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sharps,PW;Campbell,J;Campbell,D;Gary,F;Webster,D
通讯作者：
Webster,D