Fast reaction to different sensory modalities activates common fields in the motor areas, but the anterior cingulate cortex is involved in the speed of reaction
Fast reaction to different sensory modalities activates common fields in the motor areas, but the anterior cingulate cortex is involved in the speed of reaction
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1701
复制
发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Zilles, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naito, E;Kinomura, S;Zilles, K
对不同感觉方式的快速反应激活了运动区的共同区域，但前扣带皮层参与了反应速度。神经生理学杂志。83：1701-1709，2000.我们研究了哪些运动区域参与了由听觉、躯体感觉和视觉信号触发的拇指简单对立的编码。我们测试了哪些运动区可能对所有三种模式都有反应，哪些运动结构会被激活，以及哪些神经群会参与反应的速度。受试者被要求在感觉信号发生变化时立即用右手拇指按下按钮。本文用正电子发射断层显像（PET）和正15-正丁醇（O-15-butanol）定量测定了9例正常男性的局部脑血流量（rCBF）。用客观定量的方法对10例死后脑的细胞构筑区进行了划分。死后大脑的图像随后被转换成标准的解剖格式。对每种感觉方式进行一次PET扫描。控制条件是受试者闭上眼睛休息。对rCBF图像进行了解剖学标准化，并确定了rCBF显著变化的集群。这些被定位于初步划定的运动区，如补充运动区（SMA）、背侧运动前区（PMD）、头侧扣带运动区（CMAr），以及通过使用微结构（即，细胞结构标准，例如区域4a、4 p、3a、3b和1。作为所有三种模式的主要效应观察到的激活场位于双侧SMA、CMAr、对侧PMD、初级运动（M1）和初级体感皮层（SI）。M1中的激活与区域4a和4p接合，并扩展到区域6。在SI的激活参与区3b，1，并延伸到躯体感觉联合区和缘上回后方。我们确定了显着的激活，具体的每一种方式在各自的感觉联合皮层，虽然没有模式的特定区域被发现在运动区。场在前扣带皮层，喙的CMAr，始终表现出显着的负相关，在所有三个任务的平均反应时间（RT）。这些结果表明，简单的反应时间任务激活了运动皮层的许多细分。来自不同感觉模态的信息会聚到共同结构上：对侧区域4a、4p、3b、1、PMD以及双侧SMA和CMAr上。前扣带皮层可能是决定简单反应时反应速度的关键结构。
Fast reaction to different sensory modalities activates common fields in the motor areas, but the anterior cingulate cortex is involved in the speed of reaction. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1701-1709, 2000. We examined which motor areas would participate in the coding of a simple opposition of the thumb triggered by auditory, somatosensory and visual signals. We tested which motor areas might be active in response to all three modalities, which motor structures would be activated specifically in response to each modality, and which neural populations would be involved in the speed of the reaction. The subjects were required to press a button with their right thumb as soon as they detected a change in the sensory signal. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured quantitatively with O-15-butanol and positron emission tomography (PET) in nine normal male subjects. Cytoarchitectural areas were delimited in 10 post mortem brains by objective and quantitative methods. The images of the post mortem brains subsequently were transformed into standard anatomic format. One PET scanning for each of the sensory modalities was done. The control condition was rest with the subjects having their eyes closed. The rCBF images were anatomically standardized, and clusters of significant changes in rCBF were identified. These were localized to motor areas delimited on a preliminary basis, such as supplementary motor area (SMA), dorsal premotor zone (PMD), rostral cingulate motor area (CMAr), and within areas delimited by using microstructural i.e., cytoarchitectonic criteria, such as areas 4a, 4p, 3a, 3b, and 1. Fields of activation observed as a main effect for all three modalities were located bilaterally in the SMA, CMAr, contralateral PMD, primary motor (M1), and primary somatosensory cortex (SI). The activation in M1 engaged areas 4a and 4p and expanded into area 6. The activation in SI engaged areas 3b, 1, and extended into somatosensory association areas and the supramarginal gyrus posteriorly. We identified significant activations that were specific for each modality in the respective sensory association cortices, though no modality specific regions were found in the motor areas. Fields in the anterior cingulate cortex, rostral to the CMAr, consistently showed significant negative correlation with mean reaction time (RT) in all three tasks. These results show that simple reaction time tasks activate many subdivisions of the motor cortices. The information from different sensory modalities converge onto the common structures: the contralateral areas 4a, 4p, 3b, 1, the PMD, and bilaterally on the SMA and the CMAr. The anterior cingulate cortex might be a key structure which determine the speed of reaction in simple RT tasks.