Prevalence and Associated Factors of Mental Disorders in Colombian Child Population, the 2015 National Mental Health Survey
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Mental Disorders in Colombian Child Population, the 2015 National Mental Health Survey
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rcp.2016.06.010
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Casas, Germán
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gómez-Restrepo, Carlos;Aulí, Javier;Casas, Germán
导言：2015年全国精神健康调查旨在扩大我们对哥伦比亚儿童真实精神状态的了解，考虑到大多数成年人的精神障碍始于童年或青春期。对这一问题的严重性有更好的认识，并设计及时的干预措施，以减少长期并发症，这是至关重要的。目的：本研究的目的是根据DSM-IV确定过去12个月和30天内疾病的患病率，并收集有关社会和人口变量的数据。方法：提供DSM-IV诊断的结构化儿童诊断性面谈时间表(DISC-P)应用于7至11岁非机构儿童的照顾者。评估的障碍包括：严重抑郁障碍、恶劣心境、广泛性焦虑障碍、分离性焦虑障碍、注意缺陷多动障碍三种类型(混合型、注意力不集中和多动型)、对立违抗性障碍和品行障碍。结果：在过去的30天和最近的12个月中都有这种疾病的流行。一般来说，在最近30天内有3%(95%可信区间，2.2-4.0)的任何疾病的患病率，在最近12个月内有4.7%(95%可信区间，3.6-6.2)。当单独评估时，注意缺陷多动障碍是最常见的障碍，在最近30天和最近12个月的患病率分别为2.3%和3.0%。此外，在所研究的年龄段中，已知经常从儿童时期开始的疾病是最常见的疾病，最近30天的患病率为2.5%，去年为3.2%。结论：与该国以往仅限于特定人群的流行病学研究相比，2015年全国心理健康调查提供了有关哥伦比亚7至11岁儿童真实心理状况的准确信息。通过提高儿童精神障碍知识的可靠性，将有可能为预防、诊断和治疗设计更适当和更准确的策略。
INTRODUCTION: The 2015 National Mental Health Survey aimed to expand our knowledge about the real mental state of children in Colombia, taking into account the fact that most mental disorders in adults begin during childhood or adolescence. It is essential to have an improved knowledge of the magnitude of this issue and to design timely interventions that reduce long term complications.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the disorders in the last 12 months and 30 days according to the DSM-IV, as well as to collect data about social and demographic variables.METHODS: The structured Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-P), which provides DSM-IV diagnoses, was applied to carers of non-institutionalised children between 7 and 11 years old. The disorders evaluated included: major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in its three kinds (mixed, inattentive, and hyperactive), oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. The instrumentation was computer-assisted.RESULTS: Prevalences of the disorders are present both in the last 30 days and in the last 12 months. In general, there is a prevalence of any of the disorders of 3% (95% CI, 2.2-4.0) in the last 30 days, and 4.7% (95% CI, 3.6-6.2) in the last 12 months. When evaluated individually, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most frequent disorder, with a prevalence of 2.3% and 3.0% in the last 30 days and the last 12 months, respectively. In addition, the disorders that are known to frequently begin during childhood are the most common disorders in the age group studied, with a prevalence of 2.5% in the last 30 days and 3.2% in the last year.CONCLUSIONS: The 2015 National Mental Health Survey provides precise information about the real mental situation in children between the ages of 7 and 11 years in Colombia, compared with past epidemiological studies in the country, which were restricted to specific populations. By improving the reliability on knowledge about mental disorders in children, it will be possible to design more appropriate and precise strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.