A succinct review of the treatment of Reverse Osmosis brines using Freeze Crystallization
A succinct review of the treatment of Reverse Osmosis brines using Freeze Crystallization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jwpe.2015.10.005
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
D. G. Randall;J. Nathoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. G. Randall;J. Nathoo
近年来，各种冷冻结晶法(FC)被研究并被证明是一种环境友好和可持续的水处理技术，通过从高盐卤水中生产饮用水和盐(有时是纯盐(S))来实现接近零的废物。讨论了FC在水处理中的一些应用实例。审查发现，尽管FC的研究结果很有希望，但在主流海水淡化处理中采用这项技术的意义不大，尽管FC在处理膜工艺(如反渗透)产生的盐水方面可能有利基应用。审查还发现，从设备资本和运营成本的角度来看，混合技术方法，如一体化的反渗透-FC工艺，可以提供最佳的处理解决方案。最后，本文指出了FC技术未来研究和开发的重点领域，旨在使该技术成为主流盐水处理技术的一部分。
In recent years, various Freeze Crystallization (FC) processes have been investigated and shown to have potential as an environmentally friendly and sustainable water treatment technology towards achieving a near zero waste by producing potable water and salts (in some instances pure salt(s)) from hyper-saline brines.This paper reviews the history and current status of FC technologies for the treatment of Reverse Osmosis (RO) brines. A number of water treatment examples and applications of FC are discussed. The review found that, although the outcomes from the FC research are promising, the adoption of this technology in mainstream desalination brine treatment has been insignificant despite the fact that FC could have niche applications in the treatment of brines generated from membrane processes such as RO. The review also found that a hybrid technology approach, such as an integrated RO-FC process, can provide the optimum treatment solution from both an equipment capital and operating cost perspective. Lastly, the paper highlights future focus areas for research and development in the field of FC that aims at making this technology part of the mainstream suite of brine treatment technologies.