Innovation systems and affordances in climate smart agriculture
Innovation systems and affordances in climate smart agriculture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.09.001
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
H. Smith;S. Sallu;S. Whitfield;M. Gaworek-Michalczenia;J. Recha;George Sayula;Sylvester Mziray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Smith;S. Sallu;S. Whitfield;M. Gaworek-Michalczenia;J. Recha;George Sayula;Sylvester Mziray
在开发、试点和推广气候智能农业(CSA)方面有大量的国际投资和努力，特别强调通过气候智能农业干预方案为小农带来好处。然而，除了采用采用率和增产等狭隘和简单化的衡量标准外，人们对小农如何从农业实践的变化中获得有益成果的了解很少。此外，养殖者和非养育者的二元概念为理解复杂农业系统中的创新提供了一个很差的基础。通过将创新系统视角与支付能力理论相结合，我们探索了在坦桑尼亚坦加地区两项CSA干预措施的背景下，农业创新是如何发生的，以检查谁可以获得并能够从干预措施中受益，谁不能，以及为什么。利用涉及200多名参与者的人种学和访谈数据，我们展示了这一背景下的创新过程是如何多样化和非线性的，并讨论了农民负担能力如何决定方案产生的潜在结果。我们认为，通用的方案报告指标未能考虑到创新过程的动态和非线性，以及忽视干预措施意外结果的风险。我们建议，在设计干预措施时，应从一开始就考虑到背景和负担能力，以便从一开始就支持它们如何与能力最弱的人接触。
There is significant international investment and effort in the development, piloting and upscaling of climate smart agriculture (CSA), with particular emphasis on delivering benefits to smallholder farmers through programmes of CSA interventions. However, there is poor understanding of how smallholder farmers access beneficial outcomes from changes in agricultural practices, beyond narrow and simplistic metrics, such as adoption rates and yield increases. Furthermore, binary notions of adopters and non-adopters provides a poor basis for understanding innovation within complex farming systems. By integrating an innovation systems perspective with the theory of affordances, we explore how agricultural innovation happens in the context of two CSA interventions in the Tanga Region of Tanzania, to examine who has access to, and is able to benefit from interventions, who does not, and why. Drawing on ethnographic and interview data involving over 200 participants, we demonstrate how innovation processes in this context are diverse and non-linear, and discuss how potential outcomes derived from programmes are shaped by farmers’ affordances. We argue that common programme reporting metrics fail to account for the dynamic and nonlinearity of innovation processes and risk overlooking unintended outcomes of interventions. We propose that interventions should be conceived with an appreciation of context and affordances from the outset, to support how they engage with the least capable from the very beginning.