Health Inequalities in Global Context.
Health Inequalities in Global Context.
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DOI：
10.1177/0002764213487343
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Olafsdottir S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beckfield J;Olafsdottir S
健康方面的社会不平等现象是公认的。一部分研究侧重于一个国家内的健康不平等。另一项较新的研究重点是各国不平等与平均人口健康之间的关系。尽管理论上（大概是可变的）社会条件作为疾病和健康的“根本原因”，跨国文献集中在平均，总人口健康的核心成果。目前围绕着诸如收入不平等等总体人口健康的宏观结构决定因素存在争议。我们通过将健康不平等概念化为对社会条件敏感的跨国变量来推进和重新引导这些辩论。使用来自48个世界价值观调查国家的数据，占世界人口的74%，我们研究了健康不平等的跨国差异。结果显示，根据收入，教育，性别和移民身份的健康不平等的实质性变化。虽然在地球仪中，较高的社会经济地位与较好的自评健康相关，但这种关联的大小在不同的机构背景和分层维度中各不相同。有一些证据表明，教育和收入与自评健康状况的关系比性别或移民身份更密切。
The existence of social inequalities in health is well established. One strand of research focuses on inequalities in health within a single country. A separate and newer strand of research focuses on the relationship between inequality and average population health across countries. Despite the theorization of (presumably variable) social conditions as “fundamental causes” of disease and health, the cross-national literature has focused on average, aggregate population health as the central outcome. Controversies currently surround macro-structural determinants of overall population health such as income inequality. We advance and redirect these debates by conceptualizing inequalities in health as cross-national variables that are sensitive to social conditions. Using data from 48 World Values Survey countries, representing 74% of the world’s population, we examine cross-national variation in inequalities in health. The results reveal substantial variation in health inequalities according to income, education, sex, and migrant status. While higher socioeconomic position is associated with better self-rated health around the globe, the size of the association varies across institutional context, and across dimensions of stratification. There is some evidence that education and income are more strongly associated with self-rated health than sex or migrant status.
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