Caspase-8 scaffolding function and MLKL regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation downstream of TLR3.

Caspase-8 scaffolding function and MLKL regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation downstream of TLR3.
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caspase-8脚手架函数和MLKL调节TLR3下游的NLRP3炎性体激活。

DOI:
10.1038/ncomms8515
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发表时间:
2015-06-24
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Alnemri, Emad S.
Alnemri, Emad S.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kang, Seokwon;Fernandes-Alnemri, Teresa;Rogers, Corey;Mayes, Lindsey;Wang, Ying;Dillon, Christopher;Roback, Linda;Kaiser, William;Oberst, Andrew;Sagara, Junji;Fitzgerald, Katherine A.;Green, Douglas R.;Zhang, Jianke;Mocarski, Edward S.;Alnemri, Emad S.

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TLR2 通过早期 MyD88-IRAK1 依赖性途径促进 NLRP3 炎症小体激活,该途径提供第二个钾消耗信号(信号 2)激活炎症小体所需的启动信号(信号 1)。在这里,我们表明 TLR3 与 dsRNA 结合通过中间和晚期 TRIF/RIPK1/FADD 依赖性途径促进翻译后炎症小体激活。这两种途径都需要 caspase-8 或 RIPK1 的支架,但不需要催化功能。只有晚期途径需要具有激酶活性的 RIPK3 和 MLKL 功能。从机制上讲,FADD/caspase-8 支架功能在中间途径中提供翻译后信号 1,而在后期途径中,它有助于 RIPK3 的寡聚化,RIPK3 与 MLKL 一起为炎性体组装提供信号 1 和 2。细胞质 dsRNA 独立于 TRIF、RIPK1、RIPK3 或线粒体 DRP1 激活 NLRP3,但需要野生型巨噬细胞中的 FADD/caspase-8 来消除 RIPK3 抑制。我们的研究对导致 NLRP3 炎症小体响应 dsRNA 激活的途径进行了全面分析。 炎症小体激活需要复杂且不完全理解的信号事件网络。在这里,作者描述了 TLR3、caspase-8、RIPK3 和 MLKL 对响应双链 RNA 激活 NLRP3 炎症小体的逐步贡献。
TLR2 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via an early MyD88-IRAK1-dependent pathway that provides a priming signal (signal 1) necessary for activation of the inflammasome by a second potassium-depleting signal (signal 2). Here we show that TLR3 binding to dsRNA promotes post-translational inflammasome activation through intermediate and late TRIF/RIPK1/FADD-dependent pathways. Both pathways require the scaffolding but not the catalytic function of caspase-8 or RIPK1. Only the late pathway requires kinase competent RIPK3 and MLKL function. Mechanistically, FADD/caspase-8 scaffolding function provides a post-translational signal 1 in the intermediate pathway, whereas in the late pathway it helps the oligomerization of RIPK3, which together with MLKL provides both signal 1 and 2 for inflammasome assembly. Cytoplasmic dsRNA activates NLRP3 independent of TRIF, RIPK1, RIPK3 or mitochondrial DRP1, but requires FADD/caspase-8 in wildtype macrophages to remove RIPK3 inhibition. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of pathways that lead to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to dsRNA. Inflammasome activation requires a complex and incompletely understood network of signalling events. Here the authors characterize step-by-step contributions of TLR3, caspase-8, RIPK3 and MLKL to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in response to double-stranded RNA.
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